Impact of Marijuana Legalization: Comparison of Two Longitudinal Twin Cohorts

这项补充拨款建议增加问题，以扩大母项目的目标，收集 与COVID-19相关的其他数据，包括经济困难、社会/人际关系问题、压力、精神 健康和物质使用的变化。还将收集有关参与者是否是必要工作人员的数据， 暴露于COVID-19，或已被诊断患有COVID-19。 目标1：RML对物质使用/滥用，心理健康和心理社会功能的影响 扩大目标1：COVID-19大流行和RML对物质使用/滥用、精神健康和 心理社会功能 我们将检验这一假设，即获得RML增加了压力和破坏的可能性， 与COVID-19相关的风险将导致大麻使用和滥用增加。因此，我们将测试 与RML和COVID-19造成的压力/干扰有关的大麻使用增加， 其他物质使用增加，精神健康障碍或心理社会功能障碍。 目标2：RML效果的个体差异 扩展目标2：研究COVID-19大流行和RML影响的个体差异。 通过利用并行多波来检查COVID-19和合法化影响的个体差异 CO和MN的纵向双胞胎研究，都开始收集物质使用，精神病理学， 双胞胎青春期的社会心理功能这一补充评估将使我们能够：a）确定 COVID-19如何根据合法化和先前接触大麻对个人产生不同的影响; B） 研究在以下背景下，个人对COVID-19影响的脆弱性和恢复力如何不同： 合法化，基于他们的个人风险水平（例如，焦虑或抑郁的先前诊断）;以及c） 检查COVID-19与物质使用/依赖、精神 健康和心理问题，取决于合法身份和性别。

This supplemental grant proposes to add questions to extend the aims of the parent project by collecting additional data related to COVID-19 including financial hardships, social/interpersonal problems, stress, mental health, and substance use changes. Data will also be collected on whether participants are essential workers, were exposed to COVID-19, or have been diagnosed with COVID-19. Parent grant Aim 1: Effect of RML on substance use/misuse, mental health, & psychosocial function Aim 1 extended: Effect of COVID-19 pandemic and RML on substance use/misuse, mental health & psychosocial function. We will test the hypothesis that access to RML increases the likelihood that the stress and disruption associated with COVID-19 will lead to increased marijuana use and abuse. Relatedly, we will test the extent to which increased marijuana use, related to RML and stress/disruptions from COVID-19, is accompanied by increases in other substance use, mental health disorders, or psychosocial dysfunction. Parent grant Aim 2: Individual differences in the effect of RML Aim 2 extended: Examine individual differences in the effect of COVID-19 pandemic and RML. Examine individual differences in the effects of COVID-19 and legalization by leveraging parallel multi-wave longitudinal twin studies in CO and MN, which both began collecting substance use, psychopathology, and psychosocial function during the twins' adolescence. This supplemental assessment will allow us to: a) identify how COVID-19 differentially impacts individuals depending on legalization and prior exposure to marijuana; b) examine how individuals differ in their vulnerability and resilience to the effects COVID-19, in the context of legalization, based on their individual level of risk (e.g., prior diagnosis of anxiety or depression); and c) examine if there are differential associations between COVID-19 and substance use/dependence, mental health, and psychosocial problems depending on legalization status and gender.