ANALYTICAL MODELS OF DETECTION AND DISCRIMINATION

描述（改编自申请人摘要）：拟议的研究 将开发分析模型， 任务到成像系统的物理属性。 的各项任务 这里研究的类似于诊断任务更接近于 广泛使用的信号精确已知（SKE）任务，因为它们涉及 信号的某些方面的不确定性，例如大小或 位置. 因此，申请人希望他们能更多地 设计成像系统的有效基础。 拟定分析 该方法将检测任务推广到某些参数的估计 信号的大小，如幅度或大小。 拟开发的模型 将基于Cramer-Rao（CR）和Barankin下限， 可以确定的感兴趣的参数的精度 其他参数值存在不确定性。 这些 边界取决于成像任务（即，考虑哪些参数 未知）、信号和成像系统的物理特性; 它们不需要指定估计过程。 的 边界将像素噪声的传播量化为 参数估计，包括非随机的影响 参数估计任务，例如，信号幅度 估计，可以与二进制任务相关联，例如，信号检测 参数估计值的方差增加意味着理想值减少 观察者信噪比（SNR）在相关的二进制任务。 它 提出了增加幅度估计的方差， 关于信号的不确定性将反映在减少的人 性能检测。 这一假设将通过以下方式进行检验： 心理物理学实验，估计接收器操作 在检测任务中人类表现的特征（ROC）曲线， 允许在人类和理想性能之间进行直接比较。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from Applicant's Abstract): The proposed research would develop analytical models relating human performance in detection tasks to physical properties of the imaging system. The tasks to be investigated here resemble diagnostic tasks more closely than do the widely used signal-known- exactly (SKE) tasks in that they involve uncertainty about certain aspects of the signals, such as size or location. Therefore, the applicants expect that they would be more valid bases on which to design imaging systems. The proposed analytical approach generalizes detection tasks to estimation of certain parameters of the signal, such as amplitude or size. The models to be developed would be based on the Cramer-Rao (CR) and Barankin lower bounds on the precision with which the parameter of interest can be determined in the presence of uncertainty as to the values of other parameters. These bounds depend on the imaging task (i.e., which parameters are considered unknown), the signal, and the physical properties of the imaging system; they do not require specification of an estimation procedure. The bounds quantify the propagation of pixel noise into variance of the parameter estimates, incorporating the effects of nonstochastic ambiguities.Parameter estimation tasks, e.g., signal amplitude estimation, can be associated with binary tasks, e.g., signal detection. Increased variance in a parameter estimate implies decreased ideal observer signal to noise ratio (SNR) in the relevant binary task. It was proposed that increased variance in amplitude estimates due to uncertainty about the signal would be reflected in reduced human performance in detection. This hypothesis would be tested by psychophysical experiments which estimate the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for human performance in the detection tasks, allowing direct comparison between human and ideal performance.