CENTRAL RHYTHMOGENESIS AND BEHAVIOR

优雅和熟练的动作需要高度的功能， 下橄榄体到下橄榄体的平行且分布的投影 小脑 橄榄-小脑功能障碍的标志是 无法执行需要同时进行的熟练动作序列 身体两侧的许多肌肉的动作。 这项建议 试图了解下橄榄核内的节律性活动 有利于组织和协调技术人员流动。 这些 实验将采用体内浦肯野多电极记录 当大鼠进行一系列行为时， 任务，以阐明肌肉协同作用是如何被允许， 通过这个并行处理系统进化。 研究中的行为将是 舌头的熟练和有目的的运动。 大鼠将 他们的舌头以各种方式伸出， 离散试验和自由操作程序，使空间 辨别，以引导运动方向，并执行 前肢和舌头同时熟练的运动。 舌三块肌活动的肌电记录 在多电极神经记录期间， 确定是否橄榄神经元的亚群具有特征性 共振频率选择性地调节特定的肌肉群， 熟练的动作。 橄榄-小脑系统的节律性活动 通过将神经毒素apamin注射到下丘脑 橄榄，以确定是否扰乱橄榄的节奏， 活动破坏了熟练运动所需的肌肉协同作用。 最后，舌头和前肢同时有目的的运动 在浦肯野细胞复合体峰电位活动的多电极记录期间 将提供关于肌肉协同作用是如何在 是由大脑中的并行处理网络调节的， 功能对于流畅优美的动作至关重要。

Graceful and skilled movements require the function of the highly parallel and distributed projection of the inferior olive to the cerebellum. The hallmark of olivo-cerebellar dysfunction is the inability to perform sequences of skilled movement requiring simultaneous actions of many muscles on both sides of the body. This proposal attempts to understand how rhythmic activity within the inferior olive facilitates the organization and coordination of skilled movement. These experiments will employ in vivo multi-electrode recording of Purkinje cell complex-spike activity while rats perform a series of behavioral tasks in order to elucidate how muscular synergies are permitted to evolve by this parallel-processing system. Behaviors under study will be skilled and goal-directed movements of the tongue. Rats will be conditioned to protrude their tongue in a variety of ways under discrete-trial and free operant procedures, to make spatial discriminations in order to guide movement direction, and to perform simultaneous and skilled movements of the forelimb and tongue. Electromyographic recording of the activity of three tongue muscles during multi-electrode neural recording will provide an opportunity to determine whether subpopulations of olivary neurons with characteristic resonant frequencies selectively modulate specific muscle groups during skilled movement. Rhythmic activity of the olivo-cerebellar system will be manipulated by injecting the neurotoxin apamin into the inferior olive, in order to determine whether disrupting the rhythm of olivary activity disrupts muscle synergies required for skilled movement. Finally, simultaneous and purposeful movements of the tongue and forelimb during multi-electrode recording of Purkinje cell complex spike activity will provide insight into how muscular synergies manifested in parallel are modulated by a parallel-processing network in the brain whose function is of the utmost importance for fluid and graceful movement.