SOLID STATE MAGNETIC RESONANCE OF BONE MINERAL

这项研究的长期目标是定义固态 骨矿物质在不同成熟阶段的化学 成人完全成熟骨的最早沉积过程 生物体，以及与愈合相关的各种重塑步骤 和骨骼相关疾病。 尽管经过多年的研究， 我们对正常人骨矿物质化学的认识存在明显差距， 在骨折愈合过程中，以及在疾病中， 骨质疏松症就是这样一种疾病 它已成为公共卫生领域的一个主要问题， 尤其是女性的健康。 具体来说，我们将描述并尝试识别化学物质 磷酸钙是最早发现的新矿物质 在发育中的生物体和兔子钻孔的沉积过程中， 缺损愈合孔洞模型。 我们所获得的知识 增强我们对基本生物过程的理解 包括骨的沉积和吸收，以及我们的理解 与骨骼有关的疾病。 为了实现这些目标，我们将开发和应用新型固体 态（31）P交叉极化磁共振波谱和 用于骨的体外和体内评估的成像技术 矿物化学 固态磁共振成像和光谱学的应用 大部分未被探索的骨骼， 了解骨形成、吸收、生长和愈合，以及形成 非侵入性地跟踪这些过程。 的方法和 我们开发的设备也将应用于，并产生类似的 人工材料和设备的研究优势，包括 硅胶植入物，以及聚合物、复合材料和陶瓷假体。 该项目的具体目标包括：1）提炼和验证这些 固态磁共振成像和光谱技术，以实现程度 对骨骼的持续研究所必需的定量准确性 2）提高固态交联剂的相容性 使用活体的偏振成像和光谱学;以及3） 兔胫骨钻孔中早期矿物及其成熟的表征 通过在体（31）P固态交叉偏振成像进行空穴建模， 局部光谱和离体高场微分交叉 偏振光谱学

The long-term goal of this research is to define the solid state chemistry of bone mineral at various stages of maturation from the earliest deposition-processes through fully mature bone in adult organisms, and in the various remodeling steps associated with healing and bone-related diseases. Despite many years of research, there is a glaring gap in our knowledge of bone mineral chemistry in normal developing organisms, during the healing of fractures, and in diseases involving bone mineral. Osteoporosis is an example of one such disease which has assumed major proportions as an issue in public health, and women's health in particular. Specifically, we will characterize and attempt to identify the chemical forms of calcium phosphate involved in the earliest new mineral laid down in deposition processes in developing organisms and in a rabbit drill hole model of defect healing. The knowledge we gain is expected to enhance our understanding of the fundamental biological processes involving deposition and resorption of bone, as well as our understanding of bone-related diseases. In order to achieve these goals, we will develop and apply novel solid state (31)P cross polarization magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging techniques for the in vitro and in vivo assessment of bone mineral chemistry. The use of solid state MR imaging and spectroscopy of bone, largely unexplored, holds enormous potential for increasing knowledge of bone formation, resorption, growth, and healing, and for following these processes in the body noninvasively. The methods and apparatus we develop will have application also to, and yield similar advantages in, studies of artificial materials and devices, including silicone implants, and polymeric, composite and ceramic prostheses. The specific aims of the project include 1) refining and validating these solid state MR imaging and spectroscopic techniques to achieve the degree of quantitative accuracy necessary for continuing research on bone mineral development; 2) improving the compatibility of solid state cross polarization imaging and spectroscopy with living subjects; and 3) characterizing early mineral and its maturation in a rabbit tibia drill hole model by in vivo (31)P solid state cross polarization imaging and localized spectroscopy, and ex vivo high field differential cross polarization spectroscopy.