EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TYPHOID FEVER IN INDIA

伤寒被认为是印度的一个主要问题， 发病率不确定。 为了准备未来的实地试验， 伤寒疫苗，这项研究正在建立两个实地地点，一个城市 在德里的一个地点和马德拉斯附近的Chingleput的一个农村地点进行监测 受试者队列中的伤寒发病率。 德里的网站包括 人口约为19，000人，而Chingleput的人口几乎 33 000人。 从11月到12月， 1995年和1996年5月在德里， 1996年3月开始进行为期3个月的监测， Chingleput，预测发病率为千分之一。 所有伤寒病例 正在进行长达3个月的随访，以确定与伤寒有关的 残疾和病例对照研究嵌套在这些队列中， 评估食品，水源和与之相关的卫生实践 伤寒风险，以及H.幽门螺杆菌合并感染 这个风险。 未来的血清调查将能够确定 年龄特异性抗d抗体血清阳性率，以提供 补充证据解决伤寒负担。

Typhoid fever is perceived to be a major problem in India, but its true incidence is uncertain. In preparation for future field trials of typhoid vaccines, this research is establishing two field sites, an urban site in Delhi and a rural site in Chingleput, near Madras, to monitor typhoid incidence in cohorts of subjects. The site in Delhi comprises a population of about 19,000 persons, while that in Chingleput has nearly 33,000 persons. Six months of surveillance undertaken between November 1995 and May 1996 in Delhi projects an annual incidence of up to 4.6 cases per 1,000, while 3 months of surveillance, begun in March 1996 in Chingleput, projects an incidence of 1 per 1,000. All cases of typhoid are being followed for up to 3 months to determine typhoid-related disability, and case-control studies are nested within these cohorts to assess foods, water sources, and hygienic practices associated with typhoid risk, as well as the role of H. pylori coinfection in influencing this risk. Future serosurveys will enable determination of the age-specific seroprevalence of anti-d antibodies, to provide complementary evidence addressing the burden of typhoid.