CROSS CULTURAL EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DRUG ABUSE--PHASE I

描述：(申请人摘要) 此修订后的R01应用程序请求两年支持以完成 由以下机构发起的跨文化流行病学部分的试点阶段 她的独立科学家奖(94年9月30日至1999年7月31日)。《国家安全局》 跨文化成分早先延伸到了跨文化框架 儿童行为问题和儿童行为问题发展相关性的研究结果 在美国和英国人群的流行病学研究中发现的药物滥用。 从儿童行为和品行问题到成人本质的途径 虐待被认为是由环境因素来缓和的，这些因素可能是 特定的文化或社会。确定文化上特定的抑制性或 缓和在毒品流行率较低的社会中运作的进程 滥用可有助于制定预防措施，如果它们 可以转移到有地方性毒品问题的社会。要开始一项 系列查询，此应用程序建议对回溯数据进行分析 从现有的普通人群流行病学调查中得出 20世纪80年代初至80年代中期在美国、加拿大、新西兰、台湾和 韩国。目标人口从181,000人到1,300万人，其中 样本量从1,498人到11,000人以上不等；受访者为 年目标人口的人口构成代表 每个社会。使用统一评估将允许合理地 对五个社会的结果进行比较。该修订响应于 NIDA最近宣布了一项名为“国际研究 药物滥用流行病学，并纳入了最新可用的初步资料 结果。 我们计划在以下几个方面考察跨社会差异：1) 药物滥用和成人行为问题的严重性和症状性 2)人口统计学的相关因素，以及 处于这些联系和事件的心理病理学的中间或先期。 我们计划：3)确定那些可用来衡量行为问题的措施 是基础结构及其发展道路的更好指标 药物滥用和成人精神病理学，并研究为什么一些 在某些情况下，衡量标准要么不常见，要么信息量较少 社会；以及4)研究从童年开始过渡的模式 问题、物质使用、问题使用、滥用和依赖，以及 他们的人口统计和精神病理共同因素可能会有所不同 社会。这一结果可以指出潜在的社会差异 从行为和品行问题到 精神病理学；并可以提出一些社会文化差异 儿童行为障碍的表现及其不同阶段 保护性因素可能在特定的社会中发挥作用。

DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Abstract) This revised R01 application requests support for two years to complete a pilot phase of the PI's cross-cultural epidemiologic component initiated by her Independent Scientist Award (9/30/94 to 7/31/99). The ISA cross-cultural component extends to a cross-cultural framework earlier findings of the developmental association of childhood behavior problems and drug abuse found in epidemiologic research of U.S. and British populations. Pathways from childhood behavior and conduct problems to adult substance abuse are thought to be moderated by environmental factors that may be culture or society specific. Identifying culturally specific inhibitive or moderating processes operating in the societies with low prevalence of drug abuse could contribute to the development of preventive measures, if they are transferrable to the societies with endemic drug problems. To begin a series of inquiry, this application proposes to analyze retrospective data from existing general-population epidemiologic surveys conducted in the early- to mid-1980s in the United States, Canada, New Zealand, Taiwan, and South Korea. The target population ranged from 181,000 to 13 million, with sample sizes ranging from 1,498 to over 11,000; the respondents were representative of the demographic composition of the target population in each society. The use of a uniform assessment will allow reasonable comparisons of results across five societies. The revision responds to a recent NIDA Program Announcement titled "International Research on the Epidemiology of Drug Abuse, and incorporates newly available preliminary results. We plan to examine cross-societal differences in: 1) the associations of the severity and syndrome of conduct problems with substance abuse and adult psychopathology and with their onsets; 2) the demographic cofactors, and mediating or preceding psychopathology of these associations and onsets. We plan: 3) to identify those available measures of conduct problems that are better indicators of the underlying construct and its developmental path to substance abuse and adult psychopathology, and to examine why some measures are either uncommon or less informative indicators in some societies; and 4) to examine the patterns of the transition from childhood problems, to substance use, to problem use, to abuse and dependence, and their demographic and psychopathology cofactors that may differ across societies. The results can point out potential societal variations in the developmental pathways from behavior and conduct problems to psychopathology; and can suggest some sociocultural variations in expressions of childhood behavioral disorders, and different stages at which protective factors may operate in specific societies.