HEALTH PROMOTION FOR WOMEN WITH PHYSICAL DISABILITIES

描述(改编自申请人的描述)：健康的概念 在女性身体残疾的背景下，直到最近 引入健康促进领域。这个项目的目的是 是开发一种干预措施，以提高身体健康的女性 基于扩展的理论模型和衡量标准的残疾 健康促进行为，适应一些独特的生活方式 这群人所经历的环境。研究结果： 调查人员最近完成的全国调查表明， 有肢体残疾的妇女人口患上 (1)某些急性和慢性病；(2)获得预防措施的机会有限 卫生服务，(3)社会对其潜在的 健康和健康，以及(4)减少影响健康的动机因素 提升行为，如自尊、自我效能感和身体形象。 因此，健康促进的发展迫在眉睫 响应妇女需求的方案，具有重要意义 功能限制和附带的研究方案，以衡量 这类规划的有效性。这项研究的具体目的是： (1)确定心理、身体、社会和环境因素 有助于身体健康的女性的健康促进行为 残疾人士。(2)制定和测试健康测量方法 肢体残疾妇女的促进行为及其态度 来改善这些行为。(3)开发和试点试验和 采取干预措施，告知和激励肢体残疾妇女采取 采取行动改善他们的心理、社交和身体健康。(4) 开发和试点测试以理论为导向的多组件计划，以促进 目标是提高肢体残疾妇女的健康水平 自我效能感与健康促进行为相关。拟议的研究 将以跨理论模型为基础，该模型确定了五个阶段 它描述了一个人是否愿意改变一种特定的行为： (1)预想，(2)沉思，(3)准备，(4)行动，以及 (5)维护。为了实现这项研究的目的，调查人员 将从定性焦点小组和个人采访开始，以 了解肢体残疾女性如何定义健康和实践 健康促进行为。在下一阶段，他们将使用量化 建立感知健康状态、健康的基线的方法 400例老年妇女的促进行为及其变化阶段 身体残疾的范围和严重程度。然后它们就会发展成 一种由时事通讯、健康热组成的运动干预 专线、按需传真服务和万维网主页，以 为可能处于早期阶段的妇女提供信息并鼓励采取行动 改变或相信他们的残疾阻碍了他们从事 健康促进活动。在最后阶段，调查人员希望 开发和测试健康行动小组计划的可行性 将重点放在个性化的目标设置、同行支持和增强 追求健康生活的自我效能感。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from Applicant's Description): The concept of wellness in the context of physical disability among women has only recently been introduced into the field of health promotion. The purpose of this project is to develop an intervention to enhance wellness among women with physical disabilities that is based on expanded theoretical models and measures of health promoting behaviors that accommodate some of the unique life circum-stances experienced by this population. Findings from the investigators' recently completed national survey indicate that segments of the population of women with physical disabilities are at higher risk for (1) certain acute and chronic conditions, (2) limited access to preventive health services, (3) negative social attitudes toward their potential for fitness and wellness, and (4) reduced motivational factors affecting health promotion behaviors, such as self-esteem, self-efficacy, and body image. Thus, there is a pressing need for the development of health promotion programming that is responsive to the needs of women with significant functional limitations and an accompanying research protocol to measure the effectiveness of such programming. The specific aims of this study are to: (1) Identify the psychological, physical, social, and environmental factors that contribute to health promoting behav-iors of women with physical disabilities. (2) Develop and test methods for measuring the health promoting behaviors of women with physical disabilities and their attitudes toward improving those behaviors. (3) Develop and pilot test an intervention to inform and motivate women with physical disabilities to take action to improve their psychological, social, and physical health. (4) Develop and pilot test a theory-driven, multi-component program to promote wellness among women with physical disabilities that targets increased self-efficacy related to health promoting behaviors. The proposed research will be grounded in the Transtheoretical Model which identifies five stages that characterize an individual's willingness to change a given behavior: (1) precontemplation, (2) contemplation, (3) preparation, (4) action, and (5) maintenance. To accomplish the aims of this study, the investigators will begin with qualitative focus groups and individual interviews to understand how women with physical disabilities define wellness and practice health promoting behaviors. In the next phase, they will use quantitative methodolo-gy to establish a baseline for the perceived health status, health promoting behaviors, and stage of change of a sample of 400 women with a range of physical disabilities and severity levels. They will then develop a motiva-tional intervention consisting of a newsletter, a wellness hot line, a fax-on-demand service, and a home page on the World Wide Web, to offer information and encourage action for women who may be in early stages of change or believe that their disability prevents them from engaging in health promoting activi-ties. In the final phase, the investigators wish to develop and test the feasibility of a wellness action group program that will focus on individual-ized goal setting, peer support, and enhanced self-efficacy for pursuing healthier living.