PATHWAYS FOR YOUTH--RISK AND RESILIENCE

描述（改编自申请人摘要）： 青春期被概念化为年轻人 克服贫困、家庭压力和孕产妇死亡等背景风险 精神疾病，获得比预期更好的结果， 这些风险因素。 恢复力促进特征（自我- 能力和效能，社会和关系技能，乐观和 积极的自我形象）被视为中介和调节的影响 风险因素对结果的影响 然而，人们对此了解得还不够 特别是对高危青少年。 我们发展了一种社会性的 非裔美国人身份和面向未来的背景化模型， 可能的自我作为弹性促进特征。研究 随着时间的推移， 风险非洲裔美国青年是至关重要的，因为这些青年是在 抑郁症、品行障碍的风险-表现出或 犯罪行为，学校表现不佳，也许还有其他 心理健康问题。 拟议的研究建立在已经收集的代表性数据的基础上 底特律地区患有精神疾病的母亲样本;母亲 将重新面试两次，并在5年内跟踪（NIMH补助金 R 01 MH 54321 -01，莫布雷和Oyserman）。 在本研究中，我们将 目标是180名有9-16岁孩子的非裔美国母亲， 第一次面试（1995-1996年）。 青年将在两个点接受采访 在时间上：最初2年后，当青年母亲采访 年龄在11-17岁之间;第二年，当青年年龄在12-18岁之间时。 母亲访谈的重点是青年的风险资源因素（母亲） 历史、家庭关系、物质生态）。 青年访谈将 注重恢复力促进因素。 将使用人口普查区块数据 作为生态风险的一个附加指标。 教师、家长和青年 CBCL评估将成为结果衡量的一个组成部分;学校 性能第二;和生物学（CDI，RCMAS和DIS-C） 第三部分。 青少年和产妇CBCL报告将在 这两个访谈，以及将青年RCMAS，CDI，允许因果建模 控制先前的结果，而其他结果将被获得 只在第二次面试时。 这些纵向数据的检查 将允许关于青年弹性在以下方面的作用的有力结论： 调解和/或缓和风险和资源因素对 青年成果。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): Resilience in adolescence has been conceptualized as the process by which youths overcome contextual risks, such as poverty, family stress and maternal mental illness, attaining better outcomes than would be expected given these risk factors. Resiliency promoting characteristics (self- competence and efficacy, social and relational skills, optimism and a positive-self-image) are viewed as mediating and moderating the impact of risk factors on outcomes. Yet not enough is known about this process, especially for high risk youths. We developed a socially contextualized model of African American identity and future-oriented, possible selves as resiliency promoting characteristics. Studying the influence of resiliency promoting characteristics over time among high risk African American youths is critical because these youth are at particular risk of depression, conduct disorders - acting out or delinquent behaviors, school underperformance, and perhaps other problematic mental health outcomes. The proposed study builds on data already collected on a representative sample of mothers with a mental illness in the Detroit area; mothers will be reinterviewed twice and tracked over 5 year period (NIMH grant R01 MH54321-01, Mowbray and Oyserman). In the current study we will target the 180 African American mothers with children aged 9-16 at the first interview (1995-1996). Youth will be interviewed at two points in time: First 2 years after the original maternal interview when youth are aged 11-17; and again the following year when youth are aged 12-18. Maternal interviews focus on risk-resource factors for youth (maternal history, family-relational, material-ecological). Youth interviews will focus on resiliency promoting factors. Census block data will be used as an additional measure of ecological risk. Teacher, parent and youth CBCL assessments will form one component of the outcome measures; school performance the second; and symptomology (CDI, RCMAS, and the DIS-C) the third component. Youth and maternal CBCL reports will be obtained at both interviews, as will youth RCMAS, CDI, to allow for causal modeling controlling for prior outcomes while the other outcomes will be obtained in the second interview only. Examination of these longitudinal data will allow for strong conclusions about the role of youth resiliency in mediating and/or moderating the impact of risk and resource factors on youth outcomes.