SYNTHESES OF HIV RISK REDUCTION RESEARCH

描述（申请人的摘要）：本修订的申请提出 综合和整理关于艾滋病毒传播现有知识 通过行为改变。 这种综合将通过一系列 五个理论指导和方法严格的荟萃分析。 这些荟萃分析中的前三项将直接针对主要 预防艾滋病毒感染，最后两项荟萃分析将侧重于 危险性行为的理论基础：（1）首次荟萃分析 将综合关于降低风险的有效性的研究， 艾滋病毒性传播干预;（2）第二项荟萃分析将 综合研究，重点是减少风险的功效， 静脉吸毒者艾滋病毒感染干预措施; 第三个荟萃分析将综合研究，重点是疗效 大众媒体干预减少艾滋病毒风险。 调查人员预计， 这些荟萃分析将记录这些风险的有效性 减少战略，并确定与干预成功有关的因素; (4)第四项荟萃分析将综合检验假设的研究 避孕套使用意愿与避孕套使用率相关;（5）第五， 荟萃分析将综合干预研究，并检查是否 意图的改变与行为的改变相关联。 通过仔细 总结这些重要的和迅速增长的证据， 这些荟萃分析将告知公共卫生官员， 以社区为基础的干预主义者和科学家， 工作最好，干预措施的哪些组成部分影响最大， 减少艾滋病毒风险干预措施最有效的情况 可能会成功。

DESCRIPTION (Applicant's Abstract): This revised application proposes to synthesize and organize existing knowledge regarding HIV transmission through behavior change. This synthesis will be achieved through a series of five theoretically guided and methodologically rigorous meta-analyses. The first three of these meta-analyses will directly address primary prevention of HIV infection, and the last two meta-analyses will focus on the theoretical basis for risky sexual behavior: (1) A first meta-analysis will synthesize studies regarding the efficacy of risk-reduction intervention for sexual transmission of HIV; (2) A second meta-analysis will synthesize studies that focused on the efficacy of risk-reduction interventions for HIV infection among intravenous drug users (IDUs); (3) A third meta-analysis will synthesize studies that focused on the efficacy of mass media intervention for HIV risk-reduction. The investigators expect that these meta-analyses will document the effectiveness of these risk reduction strategies and identify factors related to intervention success; (4) A fourth meta-analysis will synthesize studies testing the hypothesis that intention to use condoms correlate with condom usage; and (5) The fifth meta-analysis will synthesize intervention studies and examine whether changes in intention are associated with changes in behavior. By carefully summing up the evidence to date on these important and quickly growing literatures, these meta-analyses will inform public health officials, community-based interventionists, and scientists about which interventions work best, which components of interventions have the largest impact, and the circumstances under which HIV risk-reduction interventions are most likely to be successful.