Legacies of the Roma Genocide in Europe since 1945

该研究网络探讨了自1945年以来欧洲罗姆人种族灭绝的遗产，重点是与罗姆非政府组织密切合作，调查罗姆社区遭受迫害的长期后果。罗姆人是欧洲最大的跨国少数民族，但在战后欧洲的研究中，罗姆人的历史被忽视了。1933年至1945年间，德国及其盟友和其他欧洲国家实施的种族政策直接导致至少13万罗姆人和辛提人丧生。然而，战争结束后，罗姆家庭中对“吉普赛人”的大规模屠杀和迫害，以及对随后几代人的影响，我们知之甚少。我们的研究将把罗姆人纳入关于战后欧洲种族灭绝遗产的更大的历史辩论中。因此，我们将及时推进关于当代欧洲罗姆人历史和政治的未来学术研究议程。我们还将探讨当前歧视与种族灭绝历史之间的关系。因此，我们将处于一个独特的位置，既可以挑战当前将罗姆人视为欧洲“问题”的政策辩论，也可以为有关种族灭绝的公共教育倡议提供信息。该网络将历史学家、政策制定者、社区团体和公众聚集在一起，探讨1945年至今罗姆人种族灭绝对个人、家庭、社会运动和国家造成的社会、经济和政治后果。在比较和跨国范围内，我们的研究社区将包括来自东欧和西欧，斯堪的纳维亚半岛，地中海和美国的参与者。这将使我们能够探索罗姆人在共产主义的东方、民主的西方和南欧专制政权的战后历史。学术和政策目标都取决于与罗姆人社区的合作研究成果，将他们作为历史主题，并为他们提供反思的机会，并为与他们有关的历史叙述的生产做出贡献。通过一系列的四个研讨会，我们将创建一个国际研究人员网络、一个网站、研究人员数据库、三个公共活动、一套论文集和未来研究合作的途径。第一个讲习班（将在利物浦举行）将要求与会者反思研究种族灭绝及其与罗姆人和辛提人历史有关的遗产的概念方法。第二个讲习班（曼彻斯特）将探讨国家政策（如教育、福利和警务）以及移民和赔偿等领域的国际组织的连续性是如何塑造种族灭绝记忆的。第三次研讨会（布拉格）探讨种族灭绝对罗姆家庭的影响，借鉴民族志、文化和活动家对记忆、创伤和身份的看法。最后的研讨会（利物浦）将汇集贡献者收集的卷，集中讨论他们的论文。公众参与是网络的核心部分，我们与罗姆非政府组织合作，包括曼彻斯特罗姆之声社区利益公司、捷克布尔诺罗姆文化博物馆、欧洲罗姆人和旅行者论坛，以及布拉格查尔斯大学罗姆研究系和曼彻斯特大学的MigRom项目。我们的公共活动将面向感兴趣的公众、活动人士和利益团体。这一主题的当代相关性为倡导团体和政策制定者提供了一个令人兴奋的对话机会，包括国际组织，如欧洲理事会和欧洲委员会，以及新的罗姆人领导的欧洲罗姆人艺术和文化研究所。为此，我们将制作一份开放获取的在线简报，向广大读者传播我们的研究结果。

This research network explores the legacies of the Roma genocide in Europe since 1945, with a focus on working closely with Roma NGOs to investigate the long-term consequences of persecution among Roma communities. Roma are the largest transnational European minority, but Roma history is neglected in studies of postwar Europe. At least 130,000 Roma and Sinti lost their lives as a direct result of racial policies implemented by Germany, its allies, and other European states between 1933 and 1945. Yet far too little is known about the impact of mass murder and persecution of 'Gypsies' within Romani families after the war was over, and across ensuing generations.Our research will integrate Roma into larger historical debates about the legacies of genocide in postwar Europe. We will thereby advance a timely research agenda for future scholarship on the history and politics of Roma in contemporary Europe. We will also explore the relationship between current discrimination and genocidal histories. We will thus be in a unique position both to challenge current policy debates that frame Roma as a European 'problem' and to inform initiatives for public education on the genocide.The network brings together historians, policy makers, community groups and the general public to explore the social, economic, and political consequences of the Roma genocide for individuals, families, social movements and states from 1945 until the present day. Comparative and transnational in scope, our research community will include participants from eastern and western Europe, Scandinavia, the Mediterranean, and the US. This will enable us to explore the postwar history of Roma in the communist East as well as the democratic West and the authoritarian regimes of southern Europe. Both academic and policy objectives depend on co-production of research with Roma communities, foregrounding them as historical subjects and providing them with an opportunity to reflect on and contribute to the production of historical narratives that concern them. Through a series of four workshops, we will create an international network of researchers, a website, database of researchers, three public events, a collected volume of essays, and pathways to future research collaborations. The first workshop (to be held in Liverpool) will ask participants to reflect on conceptual approaches to studying genocide and its legacies in relation to the history of Roma and Sinti. The second workshop (Manchester) will ask how memories of genocide have been shaped by continuities in state policy (such as education, welfare and policing), as well as in international organizations in fields such as migration and restitution. The third workshop (Prague) explores the impact of genocide within Romani families, drawing on ethnographic, cultural, and activist perspectives on memory, trauma and identity. The final workshop (Liverpool) will bring together contributors to the collected volume for a focused discussion of their papers.Public engagement is a core part of the network, and is shaped by our collaboration with Roma NGOs - the Roma Voices of Manchester community interest company, the Museum of Romani Culture in Brno, Czech Republic, and the European Roma and Travellers Forum - as well as the Romani Studies department at Charles University, Prague and the MigRom project at the University of Manchester. Our public events will speak to interested members of the public, as well as activists and interest groups. The contemporary relevance of this topic presents an exciting opportunity for dialogue with advocacy groups and policy makers, including international organizations such as the Council of Europe and European Commission, and the new Roma-led European Roma Institute for Arts and Culture. To this end, we will produce an open access, online briefing paper to disseminate our findings to a broad audience.