MECHANISMS OF SPEECH MOTOR CONTROL

拟议研究的总体目标是确定基本的 控制过程和基本组织原则 言语动作的控制和协调。 在这 更广泛的目标是四个具体目标：1）详细说明时间- 改变运动控制特性，2）评估程度， 感觉运动对控制的贡献程度，3）描述 机械性能的相互作用， 发音器与正在进行的控制过程，以及4） 描述协调和时序关系 在各种语言运动中。 的重要组成部分 拟议的研究涉及多种肌肉动作的分析， 以及意外扰动后的运动 在各种演讲之前和演讲期间应用于嘴唇和下巴 动作手势 通过系统地改变时间， 扰动的波形特征，这将是可能的 识别运动的传入敏感阶段，并评估 基本控制方案的时变性质。 因此，在本发明中， 电动机输出的扰动被看作是对动态的探索 控制系统的性质以及评估 躯体感觉传入对运动控制的作用 输出. 拟议研究的第二个组成部分涉及 多种肌肉和运动变化的描述性分析 与各种声音和声音的产生有关 需要不同程度的唇和颌动作的组合。 补充拟议实验的综合性质 的机械性能的初步调查， 因为它们可能有助于或限制言语运动 生产 任何假设行动的重要性 运动缩放或协同发音，不应被解释为 而不考虑物理设备的特性 行为的表现。 总体而言，获得的数据 应提供重要信息， 言语运动过程的多维视角 反映中枢-外周相互作用，时变控制 原理，以及多路串行和并行调整 因为它们反映了神经生理学基础 语言运动行为的一种。

The overall objective of the proposed research is to identify basic control processes and fundamental organizing principles underlying the control and coordination of speech movements. Within this broader objective are four specific aims: 1) to detail the time- varying motor control properties, 2) to evaluate the extent and degree of sensorimotor contributions to the control, 3) to describe the interaction of the mechanical properties of certain articulators with the ongoing control process, and 4) to characterize the coordination and sequential timing relations during various speech movements. An important component of the proposed research involves the analysis of multiple muscle actions and resulting movements following unanticipated perturbations applied to the lips and jaw prior to and during various speech movement gestures. By systematically varying the timing and waveform characteristics of the perturbations it will be possible to identify afferent-sensitive phases of movement and evaluate the time-varying nature of the underlying control schemes. As such, perturbation of motor output is viewed as a probe into the dynamic nature of the control system as well as a means to evaluate the contributions of somatic sensory afferents to the control of motor output. A second component of the proposed research involves descriptive analysis of multiple muscle and movement variations associated with the production of various sounds and sound combinations requiring differing degrees of lip and jaw actions. To complement the integrative nature of the proposed experiments are preliminary investigations of the mechanical properties of the lips and jaw as they may contribute to or constrain speech movement production. The significance of any hypothetical operation, be it movement scaling or coarticulation, should not be interpreted without consideration of the properties of the physical plant through which behavior is manifest. Overall, the data obtained from the proposed studies should provide important information on the speech motor process from a multidimensional perspective reflecting central-peripheral interactions, time-varying control principles, and serial aNd parallel adjustments of multiple articulators as they reflect on the neurophysiological substrate of speech motor behavior.