ERG AND VEP AS INDICES OF PHOTOPIC DYSFUNCTION

儿童早期眼病的检测、治疗和预防 在很大程度上取决于对机制的透彻理解 这是人类视觉系统生长和发展的基础。 的 本研究的具体目的是研究正常和异常视觉 系统的婴幼儿使用两种技术，一个 电生理学（视觉诱发电位- VEP），另一种， 心理物理学（强迫选择偏好性寻找）。 首先，一系列 提出了一个实验，以确定为什么“VEP视力”更好 比婴幼儿的“FPL视力”更高。 这些实验 包括：1）单次试验分析的模式VEP使用两个 另一种被迫选择的心理物理程序; 2）直接比较 的FPL和VEP敏锐度使用反相方波光栅;和3） 光栅的亮度、对比度和方向变化的影响 刺激对VEP和FPL视敏度阈值的影响。 这项研究的第二个目标是 以确定是否可以使用图形VEP作为视力筛查 学前儿童的技术。 为了实现这一目标，模式VEP将 从3个日托中心的1，250名学龄前儿童中记录。 在 除了视觉诱发电位外，还将检查视敏度、立体视觉和能动性。 测定了 任何一项测试失败的儿童将接受眼科检查。 在我们的门诊眼科服务中进行检查。 的最终目标 筛选研究将确定VEP是否可用于筛选 婴幼儿 本研究的第三个目标是直接 比较VEP和FPL技术在检测中的“快速”版本， 治疗单眼先天性白内障引起的弱视， 婴幼儿斜视、屈光参差、上睑下垂和眼睑血管瘤 孩子 为了最大限度地提高获得有用信息的概率， 来自每只眼睛的信息，只有相对的两眼间敏锐度差异 将被衡量。 单眼VEP仅记录一次检查 大小; N1 P1和P1 N2 VEP分量的眼间振幅比 并测量眼间P1潜伏期差异。 FPL 将使用年龄适当的 阈上诊断条纹。

The detection, treatment and prevention of early childhood eye disease depends to a great extent on a thorough understanding of the mechanisms underlying the growth and development of the human visual system. The specific aims of this research are to study the normal and abnormal visual system of infants and young children using two techniques, one electrophysiological (the visual evoked potential - VEP), the other, psychophysical (forced-choice preferential looking - FPL). First, a series of experiments is proposed to determine why "VEP visual acuity" is better than "FPL visual acuity" in infants and young children. These experiments include: 1) a single trial analysis of the pattern VEP using a two alternative forced-choice psychophysical procedure; 2) a direct comparison of FPL and VEP acuity using counter-phase square wave gratings; and 3) the effect of changes in the luminance, contrast and orientation of grating stimuli on VEP and FPL acuity threshold. A second goal of this research is to determine if it is feasible to use the pattern VEP as a vision screening technique in pre-school children. To achieve this aim, pattern VEPs will be recorded from 1,250 preschool children at 3 day care centers. In addition to VEPs, visual acuity, stereopsis and motility will also be measured. Children who fail any of the tests will receive an ophthalmic examination in our out-patient eye service. The ultimate goal of the screening study will be to determine if the VEP can be used to screen infants and toddlers. The third goal of this research is to directly compare "fast" versions of VEP and FPL techniques in the detection and treatment of amblyopia caused by uniocular congenital cataracts, strabismus, anisometropia, ptosis and lid hemangiomas in infants and young children. In order to maximize the probability of obtaining useful information from each eye, only relative interocular acuity differences will be measured. Monocular VEPs will be recorded with only one check size; the interocular amplitude ratio for the N1P1 and P1N2 VEP components and the interocular P1 latency difference will be measured. FPL interocular acuity estimates will be obtained using age appropriate suprathreshold diagnostic stripes.