"Bean Breeding for Adaptation to a Changing Climate and Post-Conflict Colombia (BBACO)"

在哥伦比亚，约有340万人受雇于农村地区的初级农业生产，通常每天的工资不到4美元。豆类是农村和城市穷人饮食中蛋白质和矿物质营养的主要来源。开发改良的、当地适应的豆类品种和扩大目前的豆类种植面积，对于改善人民的健康和营养是必不可少的，这是哥伦比亚社会稳定和经济增长的先决条件。这对于前战斗人员正在定居的地区以及冲突后从非法向粮食和经济作物的过渡也特别重要。在许多种植或将在未来种植豆类的地区，高温加上水分胁迫严重降低了作物产量。因此，现在迫切需要耐压豆类，以防止粮食不安全和确保农场收入，在未来，由于气候变化，高温事件将更加频繁和严重，因此更需要这样做。该项目采用全方位、多学科的方法，并在中国农业科技研究院以前的育种工作和第一阶段产生的数据的基础上，将为耐热豆类的育种、筛选和采用开发新的方法，从而减少育种、交付和收养时间。这将有助于开发适应气候变化的豆类，以及模型和决策工具，以确定适合种植豆类的地区以及与农民和消费者采用相关的社会经济因素。这将有助于当前和新的(冲突后)种植区的气候适应能力、减贫和营养结果。这将通过以下方式实现：(I)提供对在当前气候和模拟未来气候(高温、高二氧化碳)中种植的豆类耐高温的机械理解，(Ii)将机械理解转化为最先进的作物气候模型，以确定育种的目标环境和胁迫，(Iii)将对压力的机理理解与育种的基因组工具(Gwas，GS)联系起来，以及(4)通过对农业和非农业(前战斗人员)社区的社会经济动态的基本了解，指导种子育种和交付工作，以促进耐热豆类的采用。在这个项目中，关于豆类的两个泵启动(第一阶段)项目已经合并，以结合育种和遗传学以及作物和分子生理学方面的尖端专业知识和实验设施和方法，并与作物气候模型和社会经济学相结合。这一具有互补专业知识的多学科小组将密切合作，确保这一项目的成果切合实际并直接适用于目标领域，并确保在受影响社区产生影响。因此，该项目有助于改善哥伦比亚农村和城市穷人的粮食安全和营养状况，并将有助于改善哥伦比亚穷人和前战斗人员的生活状况和观点。

In Colombia, about 3.4 million people are employed in primary agricultural production in rural areas with typical wages of less than four dollars per day. Beans are a major source of protein and mineral nutrition in the diets of the rural and urban poor. The development of improved, locally adapted bean varieties and extension of the current bean growing area is indispensable for the improvement of health and nutrition of the population, which is a prerequisite for social stability and economic growth in Colombia. This is also particularly important for regions where ex-combatants are settling and the post-conflict transition from illicit to food and cash crops. In many areas where beans are grown, or will be grown in the future, high temperatures in combination with water stress severely reduce crop yield. Stress tolerant beans are therefore urgently needed to prevent food insecurity and secure farm incomes today, and even more so in the future, when heat events will be more frequent and severe due to climate change. Applying a holistic, multidisciplinary approach and building on CIAT's previous breeding efforts and data generated in Stage I, this project will develop novel methods for the breeding, screening and adoption of heat-tolerant beans, therefore reducing breeding, delivery and adoption time. This will enable the development of climate resilient beans, as well as models and decision tools to identify suitable areas for bean cultivation and socio-economic factors relevant for adoption by farmers and consumers. This will contribute to climate resilience, poverty reduction, and nutritional outcomes in current and new (post-conflict) growing areas).This will be achieved by (i) providing a mechanistic understanding of high temperature tolerance in beans grown in current climates and simulated future climates (heat, high CO2), (ii) translating mechanistic understanding into state-of-the-art crop-climate models to identify target environments and stresses for breeding, (iii) linking mechanistic understanding of stress with genomic tools for breeding (GWAS, GS), and (iv) guide seed breeding and delivery efforts to enhance adoption of heat tolerant beans through fundamental understanding of the socio-economic dynamics of farming and non-farming (ex-combatant) communities. For this project, two pump-priming (Stage I) projects on beans have been merged to bring together cutting-edge expertise and experimental facilities and approaches in breeding and genetics, as well as in crop and molecular physiology, paired with crop-climate modelling and socio-economics. This multi-disciplinary team with complementary expertise will work closely together to ensure that the outcomes of this project are relevant and directly applicable to the targeted areas and that there is engagement for ensuring impact in the affected communities. This project thereby contributes to food security, improved nutrition for the rural and urban poor in Colombia and will help improve livelihood and perspective of poor Colombians and ex-combatants.