ROLE OF PLACENTAL LACTOGENS IN PREGNANCY

小鼠孕体产生两种催乳激素：胎盘催乳素 (PL)和孕中期催乳素。 本提案的目标是：（1） 研究PL分泌的调节;（2）检测PL的生物学活性， PL和孕中期催乳素以及其他两种催乳素的活性 激素，催乳素（PRL）和生长激素（GH），在几个靶点中 组织中 垂体、卵巢、胎儿和蜕膜调节PL分泌， 将研究生长因子。 此外，遗传因素的影响 将检查影响mPL分泌的因素。 胎盘滋养层巨细胞原代培养系统的建立 建立了无血清培养基，并研究了各种激素的影响 和生长因子对mPL分泌和细胞生长的影响。 PL、孕中期催乳素、PRL和GH在妊娠期间均存在， 鼠标 这些激素对靶组织的影响将是 研究以评估每个组织中激素的相对效力， 以确定不同怀孕阶段的组织是否对 优先于某些激素。 这些激素对 乳腺酪蛋白、α-乳白蛋白和脂肪酸的合成将 测定 这些激素刺激乳腺的能力 上皮细胞生长和结合乳腺受体将是 评估。 这些激素对小鼠产生的生长调节素的影响 将研究母体和胎儿肝脏。 这些激素的能力， 将评估刺激胎儿生长。 本申请中提出的研究将使用激素进行 从小鼠中纯化，以研究内分泌学或妊娠， 老鼠. 因此，这些研究的结果不会有问题 解读从异源系统收集的数据 PL存在于人体中，血清PL水平已被用作一个指标， 胎儿健康。 本提案中的研究将提供信息， 关于这种激素的生理学和这种激素的相互作用 在动物怀孕期间与其他具有类似活性的激素 模型 从该动物模型的研究中获得的信息可以 证明与人类有关。

The mouse conceptus produces two lactogenic hormones, placental lactogen (PL) and midpregnancy lactogen. The objectives of this proposal are (1) to study the regulation of secretion of PL and (2) to examine the biological activities of PL and midpregnancy lactogen and two other lactogenic hormones, prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH), in several target tissues. Regulation of PL secretion by the pituitary, ovaries, fetus and decidua and by growth factors will be studied. In addition, the influence of genetic factors on mPL secretion will be examined. A system for primary culture of placental trophoblast giant cells in serum-free medium will be established and the effects of various hormones and growth factors on mPL secretion and on cell growth will be examined. PL, midpregnancy lactogen, PRL and GH are all present during pregnancy in the mouse. The effects of each of these hormones on target tissues will be studied to assess the relative potencies of the hormones in each tissue and to determine whether tissues at different stages of pregnancy respond preferentially to some of the hormones. The effects of these hormones on mammary gland casein, Alpha-lactalbumin and fatty acid synthesis will be determined. The ability of these hormones to stimulate mammary gland epithelial cell growth and to bind to mammary gland receptors will be evaluated. The effects of these hormones on somatomedin produced by maternal and fetal liver will be studied. The ability of these hormones to stimulate fetal growth will be assessed. The studies proposed in this application will be carried out with hormones purified from the mouse to study the endocrinology or pregnancy in the mouse. Thus the results of these studies will not be subject to problems of interpreting data collected from heterologous systems. PL is present in humans and serum PL levels have been used as one index of fetal well-being. The studies in this proposal will provide information about the physiology of this hormone and the interaction of this hormone with other hormones with similar activities during pregnancy in an animal model. The information obtained from studies in this animal model may prove relevant to the human.