KES - Kite Energy Scheme

准确了解风筝的气动力，特别是阻力，以及稳定运行所需的升力系数极限，对于设计高效的风筝能源系统是至关重要的。本项目中的系统还涉及风筝的自主操纵，因此控制导数的知识非常重要。因此，将研究由尾缘弯度的微小变化以及尖端(无面体)向下的曲率所引起的升力、俯仰和横倾力矩。由于阻力的重要性，还将努力将系绳的寄生阻力降至最低。帝国理工学院对该项目的贡献将在缩小规模的受控风洞条件下测量上述列出的空气动力。结果将与该项目另一部分获得的现场测试经验进行比较，然后作为分析工具的输入，以预测风筝能源系统的运行特性。帝国理工学院的第二个贡献将是扩展和验证风筝在轨道和操纵条件下的空气动力学模型，特别是开发尾流模型，以获得更高的精度和对系统中运行重叠的两个风筝所引起的问题的理解，并考虑平均风切变和湍流的影响。

Accurate knowledge of the aerodynamic forces, particularly drag and the limits of the lift coefficient for stable operation are essential for the design of an efficient kite energy system. The system in the present project also involves autonomous manoeuvring of the kite and therefore knowledge of control derivatives is very important. Lift, pitch and roll moments induced by small changes in camber at the trailing edge, and downward curvature at the tips (anhedral) will therefore be studied. Because of the importance of drag, effort will also be directed to the minimisation of the parasitic drag of the bridle lines. The Imperial College contribution to the project will measure the above listed aerodynamic forces under controlled wind tunnel conditions at reduced scale. The results will be compared with field testing experience obtained in another section of the project and then used as inputs to the analysis tool which predicts the operational characteristics of the kite energy system. The second contribution from Imperial College will be to extend and validate the modelling of the kite aerodynamics under orbiting and manoeuvring conditions, in particular developing the wake modelling to achieve greater accuracy and understanding of the issues raised by running two kites with operational overlap in the system, and to consider effects of mean wind shear and turbulence.