TWO DIMENSIONAL ARRAY-RAY DETECTOR

主要用户组的研究方案针对的是 大分子、大分子组装体和细胞结构研究 细胞器如核糖体和质膜。 的主要技术， 可用于单晶、溶液或 半有序系统 除了时间平均结构之外， 这是这项工作的最直接的产出，这些方案将是 特别是研究不同部件的相对运动 聚合物链和亚基相对于每个亚基的结构域 另一个是更大的聚集体。 运动可以部分地从 不同环境条件下的静态结构差异， 结扎 特别令人感兴趣的是特定侧链在 催化循环，聚合酶沿着它们的核酸底物， 蛋白质合成过程中核糖体对信使的易位步骤， 多肽链分泌进入和穿过膜双层的过程。 提出的衍射研究需要更快速的数据手段 收集，将提供的哈姆林Xuong二维 多线阵列探测器 这个探测器和相关的计算机 需要处理大量数据， 该精确的高分辨率蛋白质晶体衍射数据可以 以至少10到20的系数测量。 最近取得的惊人进展， 克隆技术使大量的蛋白质和核酸成为可能， 数量可观。 数量的大幅增加， 晶体学项目将很容易通过这一重大步骤来适应 X射线衍射数据采集技术的发展。 此外，本发明还 二维阵列探测器将用于研究X射线衍射， 部分有序和无序系统，这是一个新的应用， 这种探测器技术在X射线领域的应用。

The research programs of the principal user group are directed at structural studies of macromolecules, macromolecular assemblies and cell organelles such as ribosomes and plasma membranes. The major techniques to be employed center on X-ray diffraction from single crystals, solutions or partially ordered systems. In addition to the time-average structures, which are the most immediate output of such work, the programs will be particularly aimed at studying the relative motion of various parts (domains) of the polymer chains and of the subunits with respect to each other in the larger aggregates. Motion can, in part, be inferred from static structural differences under varied conditions of environment and ligation. Of special interest is the motion of specific side chains during catalytic cycles, of polymerases along their nucleic acid substrates, the translocation step of ribosomes on the message during protein synthesis and of the secretion of polypeptide chain into and through the membrane bilayer. The proposed diffraction studies require the more rapid means of data collection that will be provided by the Hamlin-Xuong two-dimensional multiwire array detector. This detector and the associated computer that is required to process the vast amount of data will increase the rate at which accurate high resolution protein crystal diffraction data can be measured by at least a factor of 10 to 20. Spectacular recent advances in cloning have made available large numbers of proteins and nucleic acids in substantial quantities. The large increase in the number of suitable crystallographic projects will be easily accommodated by this major step forward in the technology of X-ray diffraction data collection. Further, the 2D array detector will be used to study X-ray diffraction from partially ordered and disordered systems, which is a new application of this detector technology in the X-ray field.