Accurate predictions for the production of heavy particles at the Large Hadron Collider

该提议涉及到对大型强子对撞机实验结果的准确预测。具体地说，它涉及到以最先进的精度构建一对被称为顶夸克的重粒子的产生过程的模拟。为了将我们最好的自然界理论与实验结果进行比较，需要对这样的过程进行准确的预测。这将允许检测到与标准模型(SM)已知物理的任何偏差，并可能允许识别新的粒子。它还将允许以更高的精度测量SM的属性。顶夸克特别重要，因为它与希格斯玻色子强烈耦合--因此它提供了一条探索希格斯部门的途径。此外，顶夸克和希格斯玻色子在决定我们宇宙的稳定性方面扮演着重要的角色。该计划的目标是广泛地创造灵活的工具，能够以最先进的精度预测大型强子对撞机中涉及顶夸克的过程。这涉及到编写称为事件生成器的计算机程序，该程序可以模拟质子碰撞的结果。提议的行动将首先考虑在碰撞中产生一对顶夸克的情况。由此产生的模拟结果将被用来提取重要的SM属性，如顶夸克质量和强耦合常数。然后，该行动将考虑更复杂的情况，即一对顶夸克与另一种粒子(如希格斯玻色子)一起产生。该项目的结果将是一套公开可用的工具，以产生对这些过程的精确模拟。这些将被其他从事粒子理论和实验的研究人员使用，以便与数据进行比较，限制标准模型理论之外的可能性，并有望发现新物理的迹象。

The proposal involves making precise predictions for the outcome of experiments at the Large Hadron Collider. Specifically, it involves constructing a simulation of the production of pairs of heavy particles called top-quarks, at state-of-the-art accuracy. Accurate predictions for processes such as this are needed in order to compare our best theories of nature with experimental results. This will allow any deviations from the known physics of the Standard Model (SM) to be detected and potentially allow new particles to be identified. It will also allow properties of the SM to be measured with increased precision. The top-quark is particularly important, since it couples strongly to the Higgs boson - it therefore provides a route to exploring the Higgs sector. In addition, the top-quark and the Higgs boson together play important roles in determining the stability of our universe.The objectives of the proposal are broadly to create flexible tools which can provide predictions at state-of-the-art accuracy for processes involving top-quarks at the LHC. This involves writing computer programs called event generators, which can simulate the outcomes of proton collisions. The proposed action will first consider the case in which a pair of top-quarks are produced in the collision. The resulting simulations will then be used to extract important SM properties, such as the top-quark mass and the strong coupling constant. The action will then consider the more complicated case in which a pair of top-quarks are produced alongside another particle such as a Higgs boson.The outcome of the project will be a set of publicly available tools to produce precision simulations of these processes. These will be used by other researchers working in particle theory and experiment in order to make comparison with data, constrain possibleBeyond the Standard Model theories and, hopefully, discover signs of new physics.