INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES IN CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY

该计划项目是一个综合流行病学和实验室 当前肺部流行病学关键问题的调查 癌症是男性和女性癌症死亡的主要原因。它 代表了几个学科的科学家们的合作努力， 其共同主题是阐明肺癌流行病学的变化， 组织学和香烟组合物，其可能具有主要公共健康 影响在项目1中，我们提出了肺癌的病例对照研究 根据观察到的风险差异寻找新线索 与性别和种族相关，可能与 环境/生活方式因素（如雌激素替代）和 代谢因素（如致癌物质的解毒）。项目2是 生物标志物研究与吸烟者的香烟与不同的产量，其目标 它的目的是对实际生物剂量作出切合实际的估计， 尼古丁和致癌物质。项目3将利用 代谢和分子技术来研究 黑烟和白烟对某些烟草衍生亚硝胺的活化作用 被认为与肺癌有关，这在黑人中也更高， 作为解毒的芳香胺参与膀胱癌，这是 在黑人中的比例更低。作为一个整体，该计划将 大大有助于我们了解的原因和预防 与烟草有关的癌症，尤其是肺癌。

This Program Project is an integrated epidemiology and laboratory investigation of current critical issues in the epidemiology of lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women. It represents a collaborative effort by scientists in several disciplines, with the common theme of elucidating changes in lung cancer epidemiology, histology, and cigarette composition that may have major public health implications. In project 1 we propose a case-control study of lung cancer to pursue new leads with respect to observed differences in risk associated with both gender and race that may be related to differences in environmental/lifestyle factors (such as estrogen replacement) and metabolic factors (such as detoxification of carcinogens). Project 2 is a biomarker study with smokers of cigarettes with varying yields, whose goal it is to develop realistic estimates of actual biological dosage of nicotine and carcinogens from cigarette smoke. Project 3 will utilize metabolic and molecular techniques to investigate differences between Blacks and Whites in activation of certain tobacco-derived nitrosamines thought to be related to lung cancer, which is higher in Blacks, as well as detoxification of aromatic amines involved in bladder cancer, which is substantially lower in Blacks. Taken as a whole, this Program will significantly contribute to our knowledge of the cause and prevention of tobacco-related cancers, especially cancer of the lung.