CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN FEMALES

这个项目是我们大学的合作努力， 动脉研究中心，预防研究中心和 生物统计学，比较医学临床研究中心，和部门 妇产科 在这个项目中，我们已经解决了 我国两大公共卫生问题的一级预防 妇女：冠心病和骨质疏松症。 这种做法的理由是， 计划项目是基于这样一个事实，即妇女，像雌性食蟹猴， 猕猴经历绝经前卵巢功能障碍， 双冠状动脉加速进展期 动脉粥样硬化和绝经后骨质疏松症。 在项目1中， 目的是确定绝经前治疗是否以及在多大程度上 使用避孕类固醇会影响冠状动脉的进展 绝经后动脉粥样硬化和骨质疏松症， 没有雌激素替代疗法。 这些问题是作为一个 使用食蟹猴的随机、对照、一级预防试验的一部分 猴（Macaca fascicularis）。 除了试验之外，该计划项目的主要部分是研究 探索代谢、细胞（项目2）和心理生理 （项目3）雌激素和孕激素影响冠状动脉的机制 动脉粥样硬化 项目2的重点是 雌激素和孕激素对脂蛋白分布、组成和 异质性;高密度脂蛋白颗粒功能容量，动脉低密度脂蛋白 摄取/降解，内皮细胞周转和阐述 某些细胞因子和生长因子的巨噬细胞和平滑肌 细胞 项目3的重点是雌激素的作用， 孕激素对心脏对行为挑战反应性的影响 神经内分泌调节剂的这种反应。 该项目的结果将提供一个重要的比较 （非人类灵长类动物）的基础，以了解更好的方法， 预防冠状动脉粥样硬化和骨质疏松症 中年和老年妇女。

This Program Project is a collaborative effort by our University's Arteriosclerosis Research Center, Center for Prevention Research and Biometry, Comparative Medicine Clinical Research Center, and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. In this Program Project we have addressed the primary prevention of two major public health problems of our country's women: coronary heart disease and osteoporosis. The rationale of this Program Project is based on the fact that women, like female cynomolgus macaques, experience premenopausal ovarian dysfunction, which sets the stage for the accelerated progression of both coronary artery atherosclerosis and osteoporosis postmenopausally. In Project 1 the objectives are to determine if, and to what extent, premenopausal treatment with a contraceptive steroid influences the progression of coronary artery atherosclerosis and osteoporosis postmenopausally among subjects with and without estrogen replacement therapy. Those questions are addressed as a part of a randomized, controlled, primary prevention trial using cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). A major part of the Program Project, in addition to the trial, are studies to explore the metabolic, cellular (Project 2) and psychophysiological (Project 3) mechanisms by which estrogens and progestins affect coronary artery atherosclerosis. The emphasis in Project 2 is on the effects of estrogen and progestins on lipoprotein distribution, composition and heterogeneity; the function capacity of HDL particles, arterial LDL uptake/degradation, endothelial cell turnover and the elaboration of certain cytokines and growth factors by macrophages and smooth muscle cells. The emphasis in Project 3 is on the effect of estrogen and progestins on cardiac responsivity to behavioral challenge and the neuroendocrine modulators of this responsivity. The results of this Program Project will provide an important comparative (nonhuman primate) basis for understanding better approaches to the prevention of coronary artery atherosclerosis and osteoporosis among middle-aged and older women.