Newton RCUK - TUBITAK Innovating the Turkish supply chain for services in humanitarian aid

几十年来，人道主义部门主要依靠在救灾期间向受益者提供物质援助。如今，提供服务的重要性日益增加，不仅是以现金和凭单取代救济物品的分发，这些凭单可以在需要时换取货物，而且还提供保健或教育等支助服务。这些服务可有助于刺激当地市场活动和重新开始生计。在这个项目中，我们的目标是为受益人设计和实施两个关键服务的供应链：现金和代金券分发（作为分发核心救济物品的替代品）和提供教育服务。该项目分为三个阶段。在第一阶段，我们的目标是分析土耳其目前的难民状况，就土耳其目前的难民状况和土耳其过去的灾难与实地机构进行访谈（我们为此与当地机构进行了接触-其中包括难民署和土耳其红新月会，遗憾的是，这两个机构都未能及时为这项建议提供支持信）。此外，我们还进行案头研究，以收集有关土耳其难民状况和过去灾害的具体信息。在第二阶段，我们侧重于开发和应用业务研究模型，以确定在何处以及如何定位这些服务，以便为受益人提供最佳支持。在现金和代金券供应链的设计中，我们开发了指导方针和工具，指导如何建立依赖于实物分发的现金和代金券分发点，同时减少旅行时间和等待时间，同时保证足够的安全性。我们进一步制定指引和工具，以支持及时扩大现金和代金券的发放。在集中于难民营选址和移动的公共服务的综合模型的部分，我们开发了一个决策方法和支持的指导方针和工具，为营地选址问题，同时考虑周围的潜在地区的公共服务水平。在这一方法的帮助下，选定的营地将设在城市在需要时能够提供公共服务的地方。在第三阶段，我们的目标是综合两个分项目的结果，并在土耳其案例中测试模型。我们开发了一个框架，用于监控、衡量和评估我们的发现对利益相关者（包括ao）的影响。受益人、当地供应商、捐助方、银行和其他系统提供商、物流服务提供商、政府。

For decades the humanitarian sector has mainly relied on providing material assistance to beneficiaries during disaster relief. These days there is a growing importance in the provision of services, not only by means of replacing the distribution of relief items by cash & vouchers that can be exchanged for goods as needed but also in the provision of supporting services such as health or education. These services can help stimulate local market activity and restart livelihoods. In this project we aim to design and implement the supply chain for two key services to beneficiaries: cash & voucher distribution (as a replacement for distributing core relief items) and the provision of educational services. The project has been split up into three phases. In the first phase we aim to analyse the current refugee situation in Turkey, conduct interviews with agencies in the field on the current refugee situation in Turkey and on disasters in Turkey in the past (we have contacts with local agencies for this purpose - amongst others UNHCR and Turkish Red Crescent, both of which were unfortunately not able to provide a letter of support in time for this proposal). We furthermore perform desk research to collect information on the specifics of the refugee situation in Turkey and on past disasters. In phase two we focus on the development and application operations research models to identify where and how to locate these services in order to provide optimal support to beneficiaries. In the design of cash and voucher supply chains we develop guidelines and tools on how to set up cash and voucher distribution points dependent on in-kind distributions while reducing travel times, waiting times, yet guaranteeing sufficient security. We furthermore develop guidelines and tools on supporting timely scale-up of cash and voucher distribution. In the part focused on integrated models for refugee camp location and mobile public services we develop a decision making methodology and supporting guidelines and tools for the camp site selection problem while considering the level of public services around the potential areas. With the help of this methodology, the selected camp sites will be in places where the city can accommodate public services when the need arises. In phase III we aim to integrate the findings of both sub-projects and test the models on the Turkey case. We develop a framework how to monitor, measure and assess the impact of our findings on stakeholders, including ao. beneficiaries, local suppliers, donors, banks and other system providers, logistics services providers, government.