BIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF THE ANTIDEPRESSANT EFFECTS OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION

完全睡眠不足一晚会导致60%的人暂时缓解 患有严重抑郁症的患者的百分比；它还可以在 躁郁症患者。此外，只要两个小时的睡眠就可以触发 睡眠剥夺后改善的患者的抑郁。因此， 睡眠似乎有抑制情绪的作用，而清醒则能提升情绪。 效果。这些观察结果对管理层具有实际意义。 情感上的疾病。例如，一些患者的抑郁可能是 接受睡眠剥夺治疗，睡眠中断有时是一种 躁狂症的可识别和可预防的原因。这个项目的目的是 试图确定抗抑郁作用的生物学机制 睡眠不足。生物机制的识别将 加深对抑郁症和躁狂症发病机制的认识 有望带来新的、快速起效的药物治疗 抑郁和狂躁。 目前的项目旨在测试一种假设，即温度调节 睡眠和睡眠改变情绪的效果背后的机制 剥夺。这一假设是基于我们的观察，即许多 对睡眠的生理反应类似于对高温暴露的反应。喜欢 热暴露，睡眠开始刺激汗液分泌，催乳素(PRL) 和生长激素(GH)，它抑制新陈代谢产热和 分泌TSH和三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3)。喜欢寒冷的暴露，睡觉 剥夺则会产生相反的效果。我们正在测试一种假设，即 睡眠的似热性质和睡眠剥夺的似冷性质 对抑郁症患者的临床和神经内分泌影响负责 病人。根据这一假设，一个温暖的环境与一个 凉爽的环境，应该钝化抗抑郁剂和神经内分泌 睡眠不足的影响。专利和普通人是 有一次在90华氏度的环境温度下睡眠不足， 还有一次是在62华氏度的环境温度下 到目前为止，研究了12名患者，结果与 基于我们的假设的预测，但其他一些主题是 需要允许对侮辱进行明确的统计评估。

Total sleep deprivation for one night induces temporary remissions in sixty percent of patients with major depression; it can also induce mania in bipolar patients. Furthermore, as little as two hours of sleep can trigger depression in patients who have improved after sleep deprivation. Thus sleep appears to have a depressant effect and wakefulness a mood-elevating effect. These observations have practical implications for the management of affective illness. For example, some patients' depressions can be treated with sleep deprivation, and sleep disruption is sometimes an identifiable and preventable cause of mania. The purpose of this project is to attempt to identify biological mechanisms of the antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation. Identification of biological mechanisms would increase understanding of the pathogenesis of depression and mania and could be expected to lead to new, rapidly acting drug treatments for depression and mania. The current project is designed to test a hypothesis that thermoregulatory mechanisms underlie the mood-altering effects of sleep and sleep deprivation. The hypothesis is based on our observation that many of the physiological responses to sleep resemble responses to heat exposure. Like heat exposure, sleep onset stimulates secretion of sweat, prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH), and it inhibits metabolic heat production and secretion of TSH and triiodothyronine (T3). Like cold exposure, sleep deprivation has opposite effects. We are testing the hypothesis that the heat-like property of sleep and the cold-like property of sleep deprivation are responsible for their clinical and neuroendocrine effects in depressed patients. According to this hypothesis a warm environment, compared with a cool environment, should blunt the antidepressant and neuroendocrine effects of sleep deprivation. Patents and normal individuals are sleep-deprived on one occasion in an ambient temperature of 90 degrees F, and on another occasion in an ambient temperature of 62 degrees F. In twelve patients studied so far, the results are consistent with the predictions based on our hypothesis, but some additional subjects are needed to permit definitive statistical evaluation of the insults.