Accelerating innovation in new mobility services: matching sustainable new business models to local potential.

对于运输部门来说，这是一个令人兴奋但有些不确定的过渡点。媒体经常刊登关于清洁交通技术(特别是电动汽车)创新的新闻报道，以及对人们未来出行方式的展望。这些愿景由新的移动服务(NMS)主导。其中包括汽车、自行车和出租车的共享计划。所有这些都是基于信息和通信技术，比如将智能手机和应用程序与智能车辆和设备结合在一起。另一个共同特征是，网管都与数据建立了连接，通常也都有大数据。智能卡和应用程序获取数据，就像汽车上的保险远程信息处理盒子一样。共享计划中的自行车可以通过GPS进行跟踪，公司的商业模式、定价和营销都建立在收集到的大数据基础上。与此同时，政府每年收集数百万份MOT考试证书，并进行出行调查，闭路电视摄像头车牌识别是许多城市的共同特征。这种快速的数字化和连接可能有助于更好地利用现有基础设施，创造新的商业机会，改变人们拥有汽车和支付旅行费用的方式。有一些证据表明，人们选择旅行的方式正在发生变化，至少在年轻一代中是这样。NMS可能会使一些地方的某些群体的旅行变得更容易和更好。如果共同解决某些问题，这些正在出现的变化可能会极大地减少个人交通工具的能源需求。NMS必须有一个合理的潜在市场才能生存，但当地的交通规划者也必须了解NMS将如何影响交通系统和城市运行。为了提供这种理解，我们需要了解当地出行模式之间的关系，例如人们住在哪里，他们需要去哪里，交通基础设施(如公路、铁路和自行车道的状况)，影响一个人能否负担得起或实际获得NMS的社会和人口因素，劳动力和就业市场的状况，以及哪里可以获得新的车辆技术和服务。如果城市规划者或NMS提供商不检查有关不同问题的一系列信息，新技术和服务可能会导致对移动性的更大需求，例如，人们可能会走更多的路，走得更远，从而导致更多的交通能源消耗。NMS可能只在一些大量客户可能支付高价的地区提供，这使得贫困或农村地区相对更难获得服务、工作和其他活动。还有一个潜在的问题是，如果政府和地方当局没有适当的政策和法规来管理大移动数据的收集、所有权和使用，那么可能会失去对数据的公共控制，以及引导发展以实现社会目标的能力。换句话说，这类企业的迅速到来可能只会增加人们熟悉的故事，即人们被告知新产品是节能的，因此是可持续的，但实际上它们并不是真正可持续的，因为它们会对社会和环境产生负面影响。该项目将从一个跨学科的角度来看，这意味着它将联系和分析来自政府和私人组织的数据，但也将与交通政策制定者合作，了解需要考虑的当地社会和环境问题，以便使特定地区的机动性变化在社会、经济和环境中发挥作用。

This is an exciting yet somewhat uncertain point of transition for the transport sector. The media frequently carries news stories on innovations in cleaner transport technologies (particularly electric vehicles) and visions for how people will travel in the future. These visions are dominated by new mobility services (NMS). They include sharing schemes for cars, bikes and taxis. All are based on Information and Communications Technology such as joining smartphones and apps, with vehicles and devices that are 'smart'. The other common feature is that NMS all have a connection to data and usually 'big data'. Smart cards and apps harvest data as do insurance telematics boxes in cars. Bikes from sharing schemes can be tracked with GPS, companies are basing their business models, pricing and marketing on harvested big data. Meanwhile government collects millions of MOT test certificates each year, and carries out travel surveys, CCTV cameras with number plate recognition are a common feature of many cities. This rapid digitisation and connectivity might help make better use of existing infrastructure, create new business opportunities change the way people own vehicles and pay for travel. There is some evidence that the way people choose to travel 'their mobility preferences' at least among the younger generation is changing. NMS might make travel easier and better for some groups of people in some places. These emerging changes could dramatically reduce energy demand from personal transport if certain issues are dealt with together. There has to be a reasonable potential market for a NMS to be viable but the local transport planners also have to understand how the NMS would affect the transport system and the workings of the city. To provide this understanding we need to know the relationships between local travel patterns such as where people live and where they need to get to, transport infrastructure (like the state of roads, railways and bike lanes), the social and demographic factors that affect whether a person can afford or physically get access to a NMS, the state of labour and job markets and where new vehicle technologies and services are available. If city planners or NMS providers do not examine the range of information about different issues, the new technologies and services could lead to lead to greater demand for mobility for example people might make more journeys and go further resulting in more transport energy use. NMS might only be offered in some areas where large numbers of customers could pay high prices, making it relatively harder for poor or rural areas to get access to services, jobs and other activities. There is also a potential problem that if governments and local authorities do not have appropriate policies and regulations in place to govern the gathering ownership and use of big mobility data, then there might be a loss of public control over data and the ability to steer developments to meet societal objectives. In other words, the risks are that the rapid arrival of such businesses could simply add to the familiar story that people are told that new products are energy efficient and thus sustainable but in actual fact they are not really sustainable because they have negative social and environmental impacts This project will take an 'interdisciplinary perspective' which means it will link and analyse data from government and private organisations but also work with transport policy makers to understand the local social and environmental issues that need to be considered to make changes in mobility in particular places work socially, economically and environmentally.