GCRF Trade, Development and the Environment Hub

我们的GCRF贸易中心应对了一项全球挑战，该挑战导致过去世纪生物多样性和生态系统复原力急剧下降，如果不解决，将严重危及低收入国家的发展。过去几十年来，中低收入国家与高收入国家之间的野生动植物和农产品贸易迅速增长，预计未来将迅速扩大，以满足需求。虽然贸易对国家发展至关重要，但也可能带来沉重的环境和社会代价，特别是对发展援助委员会国家的农村贫困人口而言，这主要是因为决策系统内的权力极不平衡，受影响最大的人在决策过程中相对来说没有权力和地位。过去几十年来，这些贸易的发展也对自然系统造成了相当大的影响，威胁到全球数千种物种的灭绝。解决不断扩大的贸易的积极因素与其成本之间的平衡问题对于实现几个可持续发展目标，保护和促进发展援助委员会国家弱势社区的生计至关重要，对于英国谈判可持续贸易协议也很重要，这些协议也符合其他环境和社会发展承诺。该枢纽将致力于一些对我们的重点发展中国家和英国特别重要的关键贸易流，以及我们现有的优势，使我们能够在枢纽的生命周期内产生真实的影响。这将包括对生物多样性有直接影响的贸易-例如用于各种用途的全球野生动植物贸易，包括区域和国家野生肉类贸易。它还将包括通过改变生境或使生境退化而对生物多样性产生间接影响的农业商品贸易。其强大的国际和跨学科研究团队，包括经济学家，贸易建模师，政治学家，生态学家和发展科学家，将产生新颖的，以影响为导向的研究。通过让公司、与联合国有关的贸易机构和各国政府参与进来，该项目将融入整个经济和发展的需要。 我们有十个工作包：在项目设计阶段，WP 0将进一步阐述详细的变革理论和绘图工作，从而与关键利益攸关方（私营部门行为者、贸易组织和非政府组织）共同设计研究方案。这将导致交付八个相互关联的工作包：工作包1：了解发援会国家的野生动植物贸易（活动物、毛皮、非木材产品、野生肉类）;当地和出口贸易的数量和特点，以及对生物多样性和资源使用者的影响;工作方案2：了解发援会国家内部和出口的从供应到需求的农业商品贸易途径、数量和特点; WP 3：确定从供应端到需求端的特定野生动植物和商品供应链的社会效益和成本的大小和时空分布;工作方案4：了解贸易和经济政策如何影响野生动植物和农业商品贸易及其对人和自然的影响;工作方案5：模拟贸易政策和公司决策的不同情景的实施;工作方案6：通过与私营部门（大公司和投资者）接触，制定解决办法和建设能力;工作方案7：通过与贸易公共部门规则制定机构和国家决策者接触，制定解决办法和建设能力;工作方案8：外联和技术解决办法。我们还有一个跨领域的WP 9：建立DAC合作伙伴的能力，以确保持续的、可持续的研究主导的解决方案，以应对贸易的棘手挑战。我们从一开始就让发援会国家、公司、投资机构和与联合国有联系的贸易机构参与了该中心的共同设计。

Our GCRF TRADE Hub addresses a global challenge that has led to dramatic decline in biodiversity and ecosystem resilience in the past century, and if not addressed will significantly imperil the development of lower income nations. Trade in wildlife and agricultural commodities from low and middle income to higher income countries has increased rapidly over the last decades, and is projected to expand rapidly into the future to meet demands. Although trade is vital for national development, it also can carry heavy environmental and social costs, particularly for poor rural people in DAC countries, mainly because there is a great imbalance of power within the decision-making system and the most affected people are relatively powerless and voiceless in the decision-making process. The development of these trades over the past decades have has also resulted in considerable impacts on natural systems, threatening with extinction thousands of species globally. Addressing the issue of balancing the positives of ever-expanding trade with its costs is essential to addressing several of the SDGs, to protect and promote livelihoods within vulnerable communities in DAC countries, and is important for the UK in terms of negotiating sustainable trade deals that also meet other environmental and social development commitments. The Hub will work on a number of key trade flows that are particularly important to our focal developing countries and the UK, and where we have existing strengths that will allow us to have real impact in the lifetime of the Hub. This will include trade that has a direct impact on biodiversity - for example the global trade in wildlife for a range of uses, including the regional and national trade in wild meat. It will also include agricultural commodity trades that have indirect impacts on biodiversity through conversion or degradation of habitats. Its strong international and interdisciplinary research team, including economists, trade modellers, political scientists, ecologists and development scientists, will produce novel, impact-orientated research. Through involving companies, UN-related trade bodies and governments, the project will be embedded in the needs of the economy and development at large. We have ten work packages: During the project design phase WP0 will further elaborate a detailed theory of change and mapping exercise leading to the co-design of the research programme with critical stakeholders (private sector actors, trade organisations and NGOs). This will lead into the delivery of eight interlinked work packages: WP1: Understanding wildlife trade from DAC countries (live animals, skins, non-timber products, wildmeat) at the supply end; volumes and characteristics of local and export trade, and impacts on biodiversity and resource users; WP2: Understanding supply to demand-end agricultural commodity trade pathways, volumes and characteristics, within and exported from DAC countries; WP3: Determining the magnitude and spatial-temporal distribution of social benefits and costs for selected wildlife and commodity supply chains from the supply to demand ends; WP4: Understanding how trade and economic policies impact on wild-sourced and agricultural commodity trades and their impact on people and nature; WP5: Modelling the implementation of different scenarios of trade policy and corporate decision making; WP6: Developing solutions and building capacity through engagement with the private sector (large corporations and investors); WP7: Developing solutions and building capacity, through engaging with trade public sector rule-setting agencies and national policy makers; WP8: Outreach and Technology Solutions. We also have a cross-cutting WP9: building DAC partner capacity to ensure ongoing, sustainable research-led solutions to TRADE's intractable challenge. We involved DAC countries, corporations, investment bodies, and UN-linked trade agencies in the co-design of this Hub from the outset.