Rethinking 'win-win' conservation and development discourse, strategies and outcomes in the Peruvian Amazon and beyond

我们如何保护地球上多样的生态系统，同时满足快速增长的人口的需求？我的博士工作研究了组织如何在秘鲁亚马逊的背景下寻求调和这些目标的含义。具体来说，我考察了15个项目，这些项目结合了物质激励、保护区执法和社区教育和管理，以激励农民保护森林，同时改善他们的福祉。在与生活在这些项目区域内的270个家庭一起度过了一整天，并收集了每个家庭6.5小时的深入定量和定性数据后，我发现所有15个项目都产生了意想不到的结果，与他们的目标背道而驰。尽管如此，对项目支持者的36次访谈和对103个项目材料的回顾表明，这些项目绝大多数被描绘成成功的故事。这些故事有助于加强类似的保护和发展项目模式和假设在秘鲁和国际上更大范围的传播。我的博士工作中新颖的跨学科方法提供了独特的见解，即为什么特定的项目模型在理论上能够保持合理和合法，尽管在实践中产生矛盾的结果。作为一名ESRC博士后，我的目标是探索两个关键的后续问题：(1)如何利用这些发现来实际影响秘鲁的政策和实践？(2)我的哪些博士研究结果可能与其他背景相关，从而在全球范围内塑造捐助者的优先事项和假设方面发挥重要作用？我希望通过以下方式来探讨这两个问题：(1)开发和试验创新的社会学习方法，直接与秘鲁的项目经理和捐助者接触，以塑造他们如何理解和实施联合保护和发展工作；(2)通过撰写专著和两篇额外的期刊文章，通过国际网络传播我的工作，并在主要的国际会议上组织两次专题讨论会；(3)在国际背景下与广泛的研究人员和从业者进行互动，以了解我的工作在秘鲁背景之外的潜在相关性，以制定令人兴奋的三年研究议程。这些活动将扩大我的博士工作在秘鲁国内和国外的直接影响，并将提供从我的博士工作到我的专业职业道路的重要桥梁。这将对我的专业技能、网络和智力思维产生直接的影响，并对我未来在全球保护与发展理论、政策和实践的界面上的研究方向、范围和影响产生长期的影响。

How can we conserve the planet's diverse ecosystems while still meeting the needs of the rapidly growing human population? My doctoral work examined the implications of how organisations seek to reconcile these goals in the context of the Peruvian Amazon. Specifically, I examined 15 projects which used a combination of material incentives, protected area enforcement and community-based education and management to motivate farmers to conserve forest while improving their well-being. After spending a full day with 270 families living within these project areas and collecting 6.5 hours of in-depth quantitative and qualitative data per family, I found that all 15 projects were producing unintended outcomes that were counterproductive to their goals. Despite this finding, 36 interviews with project proponents and a review of 103 project materials showed that these projects were overwhelmingly portrayed as success stories. These stories served to reinforce the spread of similar conservation and development project models and assumptions at broader scales in Peru and internationally.The novel transdisciplinary approach of my doctoral work provided unique insight as to why particular project models manage to remain plausible and legitimate in theory despite producing contradictory outcomes in practice. As an ESRC Postdoctoral Fellow, I aim to explore two critical follow up questions: (1) How can these findings be used to actually influence policy and practice in Peru? (2) Which of my doctoral findings are potentially relevant in other contexts and thus could play an important role in shaping donor priorities and assumptions at a global scale?I aim to explore these two questions by: (1) developing and trialling innovative social learning methods to engage directly with project managers and donors in Peru to shape how they understand and implement joint conservation and development work, (2) disseminating my work through international networks by writing a monograph and two additional journal articles, and organising two symposia at major international conferences, and (3) interacting with a wide range of researchers and practitioners in an international context to understand the potential relevance of my work beyond the context of Peru to formulate an exciting three-year research agenda. These activities will expand the direct impact of my doctoral work both within Peru and beyond, and will provide a critical bridge from my doctoral work to my professional career path. The fellowship will have immediate impacts on my professional skills, network and intellectual thinking, as well as long-lasting impacts on the direction, scope and impact of my future research at the interface of global conservation and development theory, policy and practice.