ORA (Round 5) The Development of Inequalities in Child Educational Achievement: A Six Country Study

父母社会经济地位（SES）在儿童发展方面的不平等是社会流动性和生活机会的直接障碍，因此是经合组织国家的一个问题。该项目旨在通过利用来自六个富裕国家-法国，德国，日本，荷兰，英国和美国-的详细队列和行政数据来促进对儿童发展中SES差异的理解-这些数据足够相似以形成有效的比较，但也足够不同，使我们能够了解背景在不平等发展中的作用。由于发展的不同方面很重要，并且可能受到社会经济地位和国家背景的不同影响，我们将儿童发展概念化，包括认知发展（语言/识字和数学技能，学校成绩）以及社会/情感发展（注意力技能，行为问题）和健康（整体健康，肥胖）。该项目的新特点是超越跨部门和单一国家的快照，并在高度协调的框架中嵌入对多个发展阶段、多个成果和多个国家的审查。我们的目标是提供有关儿童和青少年不平等动态的新证据，哪些因素影响它们，以及国家背景如何加强或缓冲这些过程。

Inequalities in child development by parental socioeconomic status (SES) are a direct impediment to social mobility and life chances and hence are a concern across OECD countries. This project aims to advance understanding of SES disparities in child development by leveraging detailed cohort and administrative data from six rich countries - France, Germany, Japan, Netherlands, the UK, and the US -- that are similar enough to form valid comparisons, but also sufficiently different to allow us to learn about the role of context in the development of inequalities. Because different aspects of development matter, and may be differentially affected by SES and by country contexts, we conceptualize child development broadly, to include cognitive development (language/literacy and maths skills, school achievement) and also social/emotional development (attention skills, behaviour problems) and health (overall health, obesity). The novel features of the project are to move beyond cross-sectional and single country snapshots and to embed examination of multiple developmental stages, multiple outcomes, and multiple countries in a highly harmonized framework. We aim to provide new evidence on the dynamics of inequalities in childhood and adolescence, what factors influence them, and how national contexts strengthen or buffer these processes.