Levelling Up through Changing Working Patterns and High Skilled Labour Mobility?

面对日益增长的对地区不平等、生产力疲软和英国二线城市表现不佳的政策担忧，该项目旨在了解高技能劳动力不断变化的流动模式，当地参与者如何使地方对这些劳动力具有吸引力，以及对“拉平”的潜在影响。这一点很重要，因为人力资本（劳动力的知识、技能、经验和属性）是“人和地方的经济和社会福祉的核心”（DLUHC，第186页）。这是及时的，因为新型冠状病毒疫情加速了混合/远程/家庭工作的既有趋势，这可能会改变英国的经济地理。我们将使用定量方法绘制高技能工人在大流行之前、期间和之后的空间居住流动性演变图，并确定这些不断变化的流动模式的决定因素和影响。我们将对英国的三个主要区域城市进行深入的案例研究，以确定它们可以通过哪些机制来加强对高价值人力资本的吸引和保留。因此，这项研究将深入了解高技能流动模式如何转变，以及与英国各地区就业和生产力增长有关的《拉平白色白皮书》的使命1的相关机遇和挑战，每个地区都包含一个具有全球竞争力的城市。该项目旨在揭示工作模式的变化如何影响高收入人群的居住和其他空间流动行为，熟练劳动力以及对经济增长轨迹和水平化的影响。分析将回答以下研究问题：1.哪些因素影响高技能工人的居住（非）流动性？2. WFH对空间差异和增长的影响是什么？3.政策如何使地方对高技能劳动力具有吸引力和“粘性”？

In the face of mounting policy concerns around regional inequalities, productivity weakness and the under-performance of the UK's second-tier cities, this project seeks to understand changing mobility patterns of high-skilled labour, how local actors make places attractive to such labour, and potential implications for Levelling Up. This is important because human capital (the knowledge, skills, experiences and attributes of the workforce) is "central to the economic and social well-being of people and places" (DLUHC, p.186). It is timely because the Covid-19 pandemic has accelerated pre-existing trends in the take up of hybrid/remote/home working that may have the potential to alter the economic geography of the UK. We will use quantitative methods to map how the spatial residential mobility of high-skilled workers has evolved pre-, during and post-pandemic as well as identify the determinants and effects of these changing mobility patterns. We will conduct in-depth case studies of three major regional cities in the UK to identify mechanisms through which they can enhance attraction and retention of high value human capital. Hence, the research will provide insights into how high-skilled mobility patterns are shifting, and associated opportunities and challenges for Mission 1 of the Levelling Up White Paper regarding growth in employment and productivity in every area of the UK, with each region containing a globally competitive city.This project aims to shed new light on how changes in working patterns affect the residential and other spatial mobility behaviour of high-skilled labour and the implications for economic growth trajectories and Levelling Up. The analysis will answer the following research questions: 1. What factors influence the residential (im)mobility of high-skilled workers? 2. What are the implications of WFH for spatial disparities and growth? 3. How can policy make places attractive and "sticky" to high-skilled labour?