The rigorous development, implementation, and evaluation of the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of community-based interventions and policies, especially in relation to inequalities in health.The facilitation of two-way knowledge flows between r

在所有已知的社会中，健康风险、与健康有关的行为、身心健康以及预期寿命往往因社会群体而异。健康方面的不平等存在于一系列社会和人口指标中，包括收入、社会阶层、职业和父母的职业、教育水平、住房条件、邻里质量、地理区域、性别和种族。不平等现象在许多健康结果中都很明显，包括死亡率、发病率、自我报告的健康状况、精神健康、事故和暴力造成的死亡和伤害。有相当多的研究记录了不平等的趋势，并探讨了其存在和持续的原因。然而，关于改善环境、减少卫生负担、不健康行为和卫生不平等的政策、规划和项目的有效性和成本效益，缺乏证据。该奖项将资助四名为期五年的博士后研究人员，他们的研究重点是制定和/或实施和评估旨在缩小贫困和弱势群体与其他人口之间差距的基于社区的干预措施和/或政策。这些研究金的第二个目标是发展协作人口健康科学方面急需的多学科研究技能和能力。研究人员研究与政策制定者和实践者相关的问题是非常重要的，并确保他们的研究结果与这些政策制定者和实践者交流，以鼓励接受任何结论。该奖项还将资助一名兼职知识经纪人，负责为特定领域的研究提供有关研究机会和政策/从业者需求的早期情报，并在研究人员、政策制定者和从业者之间提供双向沟通，以提高我们工作的政策相关性，并将其转化为政策和实践。因此，该奖项有两个目的：•严格制定、执行和评估社区干预措施和政策的效力和成本效益，特别是在保健不平等方面。•促进社会和公共卫生科学研究人员与相关决策者和从业人员之间的双向知识流动。

In all known societies health risks, health-related behaviours, physical and mental health, and life expectancy tend to vary between social groups. Inequalities in health exist across a range of social and demographic indicators including income, social class, occupation and parental occupation, level of education, housing condition, neighbourhood quality, geographic region, gender and ethnicity. Inequalities are evident in many health outcomes, including mortality, morbidity, self-reported health, mental health, death and injury from accidents and violence. There is a considerable body of research documenting trends in inequalities and examining explanations for their existence and persistence. However, there is a lack of evidence about the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of policies, programmes, and projects to improve environments, and to reduce health burdens, unhealthy behaviours, and inequalities in health. This award will fund four five-year postdoctoral researchers whose fellowships will focus on developing and/or implementing and evaluating community-based interventions and/or policies designed to narrow the gap between deprived and vulnerable groups and the rest of the population. A secondary aim of these fellowships is to develop much-needed multidisciplinary research skills and capacity in collaborative population health science.It is very important that researchers study problems which are relevant to policymakers and practitioners, and ensure that the findings of their research are exchanged with these policymakers and practitioners in order to encourage uptake of any conclusions. This award will also fund a part-time knowledge broker tasked with generating early intelligence on research opportunities and policy/practitioner needs for research in particular fields, and providing two-way communications between researchers and policymakers and practitioners, in order to enhance the policy relevance of our work, and its translation into policy and practice.This award therefore has two aims: • The rigorous development, implementation, and evaluation of the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of community-based interventions and policies, especially in relation to inequalities in health.• The facilitation of two-way knowledge flows between the research in the social and public health sciences, and relevant policymakers and practitioners.