Innate Immunity and Host Species Barriers

先天免疫和宿主物种屏障Massimo Palmarini教授和Sam Wilson博士，首席研究员，Robert Gifford博士作为共同研究员，并与格拉斯哥大学格拉斯哥病毒研究中心（CVR）的MRC-大学James Neil教授合作。这通常是由于动物病毒能够“跳”到人类身上并开始引起疾病。目前，我们还不完全了解病毒是如何从一个物种“跳”到另一个物种的，这阻碍了我们预测未来哪些病毒可能威胁人类的能力。人类和与我们共享环境的动物都受到病毒疾病的困扰（其中一些是危及生命的）数百万年。为了抵抗感染，动物进化出了一系列不同的抗病毒防御，每种动物都进化出了一套独特的防御。重要的是，这些防御有时可以阻止病毒“跳跃”到一个新的物种。通过绘制人类和选定的家养和野生动物（如蝙蝠和猪）的抗病毒防御，我们将对人类和病毒疾病的“动物宿主”中这些防御的多样性进行编目。我们将利用这些信息来衡量每种防御措施抑制威胁人类的病毒的能力。我们希望能够确定特定的基因，使我们容易受到或保护我们免受在动物种群中传播的病毒性疾病的影响。

Innate Immunity and Host Species BarrierProf Massimo Palmarini and Dr Sam Wilson, Lead Investigators, with Dr Robert Gifford as a co-investigator and in collaboration with Prof James Neil, MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research (CVR), University of GlasgowViral diseases are often in the news because of their ability to suddenly cause an 'outbreak' in human populations. Often this is due to the ability of a virus from animals to 'jump' into humans and start causing disease. Currently, we don't fully understand how viruses 'jump' from one species to another, which hinders our ability to predict which viruses could threaten people in the future.Humans and the animals we share our environment with have all been plagued by viral diseases (some of which are life-threatening) for millions of years. To resist infection, animals have evolved an arsenal of different antiviral defences and every animal has evolved a unique set of these defences. Importantly, these defences can sometimes stop a virus from 'jumping' into a new species.By mapping the antiviral defences in humans and selected domestic and wild animals (like bats and pigs) we will catalogue the diversity of these defences in humans and 'animal reservoirs' of viral diseases. We will use this information to measure the ability of each individual defence to inhibit viruses that threaten human populations. We hope to identify the specific genes that leave us vulnerable to or protect us from the viral diseases circulating in animal populations.