Virus cross-species transmission. Defining the immunological barriers to viral emergence

病毒跨物种传播。

• 批准号: MC_UU_00034/3
• 负责人: Massimo Palmarini
• 金额: $ 396.53万
• 依托单位: University of Glasgow
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Intramural
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MC_UU_00034%2F3
• 关键词: Virus; cross; species; transmission.; Defining

Humans are constantly exposed to a variety of animal viruses. Understanding why most of these viruses fail to spillover and thrive in human populations is crucial to devise optimal strategies to manage viral emergence. Our programme aims to understand diverse immunological barriers to virus cross-species transmission. Our hypothesis is that the genetic and immunological variability of each individual or species helps define susceptibility or resistance to virus cross-species transmission. Our first aim is to identify those genes that are activated immediately after virus infection (known as interferon-stimulated genes, ISGs) and block respiratory viruses. Our second aim is to create a risk assessment framework to identify those specific viral proteins (and specific amino acid residues within the proteins) that favour the spillover of avian influenza viruses into the human population. The third and last aim of the programme is to understand the antibody landscape in humans and selected animal species, in order to estimate the impact of cross-neutralising antibodies and, at the population level, cross-immunity on constraining viral emergence. At the end of this programme, we will be able to translate our discoveries by delivering actionable data that can support the risk assessment of the zoonotic potential of viruses.

人类经常接触各种动物病毒。了解为什么这些病毒中的大多数不能在人群中传播和繁殖，对于制定管理病毒出现的最佳策略至关重要。我们的计划旨在了解病毒跨物种传播的各种免疫屏障。我们的假设是，每个个体或物种的遗传和免疫变异性有助于确定对病毒跨物种传播的易感性或抗性。我们的第一个目标是确定那些在病毒感染后立即激活的基因（称为干扰素刺激基因，ISG）并阻止呼吸道病毒。我们的第二个目标是建立一个风险评估框架，以确定有利于禽流感病毒向人类传播的特定病毒蛋白（以及蛋白质中的特定氨基酸残基）。该计划的第三个也是最后一个目标是了解人类和选定动物物种的抗体景观，以估计交叉中和抗体的影响，并在人群水平上，交叉免疫对限制病毒出现的影响。在该计划结束时，我们将能够通过提供可操作的数据来转化我们的发现，这些数据可以支持对病毒的人畜共患病潜力的风险评估。

项目成果

The Timing and Magnitude of the Type I Interferon Response Are Correlated with Disease Tolerance in Arbovirus Infection.

• DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00101-23
• 发表时间: 2023-06-27
• 期刊: MBIO
• 影响因子: 6.4
• 作者: Hardy, Alexandra;Bakshi, Siddharth;Furnon, Wilhelm;MacLean, Oscar;Gu, Quan;Varjak, Margus;Varela, Mariana;Aziz, Muhamad Afiq;Shaw, Andrew E. E.;Pinto, Rute Maria;Ruiz, Natalia Cameron;Mullan, Catrina;Taggart, Aislynn E. E.;Filipe, Ana Da Silva;Randall, Richard E. E.;Wilson, Sam J. J.;Stewart, Meredith E. E.;Palmarini, Massimo
• 通讯作者: Palmarini, Massimo

Predicting zoonotic potential of viruses: where are we?

• DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2023.101346
• 发表时间: 2023-07-27
• 期刊: CURRENT OPINION IN VIROLOGY
• 影响因子: 5.9
• 作者: Mollentze, Nardus;Streicker, Daniel G.
• 通讯作者: Streicker, Daniel G.

Inferring the disruption of rabies circulation in vampire bat populations using a betaherpesvirus-vectored transmissible vaccine.

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2216667120
• 发表时间: 2023-03-14
• 期刊: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• 影响因子: 11.1
• 作者: Griffiths, Megan E.;Meza, Diana K.;Haydon, Daniel T.;Streicker, Daniel G.
• 通讯作者: Streicker, Daniel G.

Resurrection of 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1) from the ancestor of modern horseshoe bats blocks SARS-CoV-2 replication.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002398
• 发表时间: 2023-11
• 期刊: PLoS biology
• 影响因子: 9.8

Phenotyping the virulence of SARS-CoV-2 variants in hamsters by digital pathology and machine learning.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011589
• 发表时间: 2023-11
• 期刊: PLoS pathogens
• 影响因子: 6.7