Linking Human Health and Wellbeing with Weather, Climate, and the Environment: MED-MI (Medical and Environmental Data - a Mash-up Infrastructure)

全球疾病负担的很大一部分可能与环境因素有关，包括气候变化、疾病媒介的栖息地以及由不健康行为造成的化学品危害。事实上，2006年，世界卫生组织（世卫组织）估计，目前至少24%的全球疾病负担和23%的全球死亡可归因于这些因素。在未来，随着气候变化，预计这些环境因素将对人类健康和福祉产生更大的影响。然而，对这些联系的研究仍然是支离破碎的，因为缺乏共同的工具和数据库来开展调查，需要探索这些复杂的联系所需要的许多不同的科学和商业专业知识和资源。拟议的伙伴关系将汇集气候，天气，环境和人类健康和福祉方面的领先组织和研究人员：埃克塞特大学医学院的欧洲环境与人类健康中心（欧洲中心），英国气象局，英国健康保护局（HPA）和伦敦卫生和热带医学学院（LSHTM）。其主要目的是创建一个中央数据和分析来源，作为一个基于互联网的平台，这将成为英国及其他地区医学和公共卫生研究的重要新公共资源。人类健康、环境和气候错综复杂地相互关联。气候变化已经对这些关系产生了深远的影响。为了有效地调查和理解，我们需要链接和分析复杂的气象、环境和流行病学数据。这是将这些数据和分析资源转化为流行病学、临床和商业协作应用，从而在快速变化的环境中改善人类健康和福祉的重要一步。转化应用将：a)利用综合模型促进对环境暴露和健康的新研究；B)迅速确定“热点”（环境和人类健康风险趋同增加的地点和时间点），以便进行有针对性的预防、干预和研究；C)为卫生保健从业人员、公共卫生规划人员和环境管理人员提供相关信息，以改善对确定存在风险的地点和人群的服务；(D)启动和评价干预措施，以减少接触，从而在个人和人群层面上减少对健康的影响；E)传播和提供获取数据的途径，作为与研究界、决策者和民间社会的外联和参与的一部分。目前储存在不同地点和组织的现有数据库将被合并。这将使气候、天气和环境数据能够与人类健康和福祉数据联系和分析。在适当的保密和道德保障下，该平台将向英国和其他研究人员开放。我们将使用一组主题示范项目来演示平台的使用。确定下列示范项目的原因是：有适当的数据集；天气和环境对人类健康和福祉的影响；以及潜在的临床和公共卫生相关性，特别是在弱势群体中；初步选定的项目在下列环境和保健领域：极端的温度、空气质量和死亡率。气候、天气和传染病气候、海岸和海洋动态、有害藻华（HABS）“蓝天”倡议我们将通过示范项目、研讨会和可访问的门户网站，翻译和传播平台的产品、存在和价值。英国和世界各地的新合作者和伙伴组织（包括商业）将被邀请合作、使用和进一步构建该平台。

A large part of the global disease burden can be linked to environmental factors, including climate change, habitats for disease vectors, and chemical hazards, underpinned by unhealthy behaviours. Indeed, in 2006, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that at least 24% of the global disease burden and 23% of global deaths could currently be attributed to such factors. In the future, with climate change, these environmental factors are predicted to have even greater impacts on human health and wellbeing. However, the research into these linkages remains fragmentary, suffering from the lack of common tools and databases for carrying out investigations across the many different scientific and business expertise and resources needed to explore these complex associations. The proposed Partnership will bring together leading organisations and researchers in climate, weather, environment, and human health and wellbeing: the European Centre of Environment and Human Health (European Centre) at the University of Exeter Medical School, the UK Met Office, the UK Health Protection Agency (HPA), and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM). The main aim is to create a central data and analysis source as an internet-based Platform which will be a vital new common resource for medical and public health research in the UK and beyond. Human health, the environment, and climate are intricately interconnected. Climate change already has a profound effect on these relationships. To effectively investigate and understand, we need to link and analyse complex meteorological, environmental, and epidemiological data. This is a vital step to translate this data and analysis resource into epidemiologic, clinical, and commercial collaborative applications, and thus, improved human health and wellbeing in a rapidly changing environment. Translational applications will: a) facilitate novel research into environmental exposures and health using integrated models;b) rapidly identify "hot spots" (locations and points in time with convergent increased environmental and human health risks) for targeted prevention, interventions, and research;c) provide healthcare practitioners, public health planners, and environmental managers with relevant information for improving services for locations and populations identified at risk;d) initiate and evaluate interventions to reduce the exposures, and thereby the health effects at both the individual and population levels;e) disseminate and provide access to data as part of outreach and engagement with the research community, policymakers and civil society.Existing databases, currently stored in various locations and organisations, will be combined. This will enable climate, weather and environment data to be linked and analysed with human health and wellbeing data. With appropriate confidentiality and ethical safeguards, the Platform will be available to UK and other researchers. We will use a set of themed Demonstration Projects to demonstrate the uses of the Platform. The following Demonstration Projects have been identified because of: the availability of suitable data sets; the impact of weather and the environment on human health and wellbeing; and the potential clinical and public health relevance, especially in vulnerable populations; initial Projects selected are in the environment and health areas of:1. Extreme temperatures, air quality, and mortality2. Climate, weather, and infectious diseases 3. Climate, coastal & ocean dynamics, and harmful algal blooms (HABS) "blue sky" initiativeWe will translate and communicate the products, presence, and value of the Platform through the Demonstration Projects, workshops, and an accessible web Portal. New collaborators and partner organisations (including business), in the UK and throughout the world, will be invited to collaborate, use, and further build the Platform.