Diet-induced Arrangement of the gut Microbiome for improvement of Cardiometabolic health

肠道微生物群，即人体肠道中的微生物群落，最近被认为是影响生命各个阶段健康的重要因素。肥胖和2型糖尿病在全球已达到流行病的程度，是心血管疾病，特别是冠状动脉疾病和中风的主要危险因素。这些病理被称为心脏代谢疾病（CMD），为了有效地解决这些问题，了解饮食和微生物因素之间的相互作用至关重要，这些因素促进或抑制从早期代谢症状向心血管并发症的转变。CMD与肠道中的微生物生态系统失调或微生物群的组成和功能改变有关。饮食是肠道环境和发生CMD风险的主要影响因素，但有关饮食成分和微生物种群之间相互作用的知识很少。此外，尽管某些肠道微生物代谢产物与CMD的发病有关，但分子机制的特征很差，因果关系尚未确定。DINAMIC联盟将通过研究饮食和肠道微生物群之间的相互作用以及调节这些相互作用以预防人类代谢功能障碍和心血管并发症的潜力来弥合差距。这将为预防CMD提供新的营养策略。该工作方案的基础是对前瞻性和基因特征明确的人类队列进行分析，以研究饮食、肠道微生物组和心脏代谢健康参数之间的关联，并进行一系列有针对性的营养和微生物群干预研究。大规模和有针对性的策略以及探索性和干预性方法的互补使用将提供对营养策略的见解，以制定调节肠道微生物组的实践，从而促进心脏代谢健康。

The gut microbiota, that is, the communities of microorganisms in the human intestine, was recently recognized as an important factor influencing health throughout all stages of life. Obesity and type-2 diabetes have globally reached pandemic-like prevalence and are major risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases, in particular coronary artery disease and stroke. These pathologies are referred to as cardiometabolic diseases (CMD), and to effectively tackle them it is crucial to understand interplays between dietary and microbial factors that promote or inhibit transition from early metabolic symptoms to cardiovascular complications. CMD are associated with dysbiotic microbial ecosystems in the gut, or alterations in the composition and function of the microbiota. Diet is a prime influencing factor of both the intestinal milieu and risks for developing CMD, but knowledge about the reciprocal interaction between dietary components and microbial populations is scant. Moreover, although certain gut microbial metabolites have been implicated in the onset of CMD, molecular mechanisms are poorly characterized and causal relationships have yet to be determined. The DINAMIC consortium will bridge the gap by investigating interactions between diet and the gut microbiota, and the potential of modulating these interactions for prevention of metabolic dysfunction and cardiovascular complications in humans. This would enable novel nutritional strategies for prevention of CMD. The work programme is based on a combination of analysis of prospective and genetically well-characterized human cohorts to study associations between diet, the gut microbiome and cardiometabolic health parameters, with a series of targeted nutritional and microbiota intervention studies. The complementary use of large scale and targeted strategies, and explorative and interventional approaches, will deliver insights into nutritional strategies to develop practices for modulation of the intestinal microbiome to promote cardiometabolic health.