Good School Toolkit-Secondary Schools Pilot Trial

针对儿童和青少年的身体暴力、性暴力和情感暴力普遍存在，而学校是儿童和青少年遭受这种暴力的主要危险环境。暴力侵害儿童和青少年的主要肇事者包括同龄人、亲密伴侣，在某些情况下，包括乌干达的学校工作人员。在乌干达，性暴力和亲密伴侣暴力是造成疾病负担的十大主要原因之一。乌干达非政府组织Raing Voices开发了好学校工具包，这是一种干预措施，旨在防止学校工作人员对学生的暴力行为，以及学生之间的同伴暴力。这是一种全学校的方法，旨在通过改变学校的运作文化，减少多种形式的暴力，并改变支撑暴力的权力动态。我们在2012-2014年的随机对照试验中测试了工具包，其中21所学校接受了工具包，21所学校在研究结束后接受了它。该工具包在减少学校工作人员对学生的身体和情感暴力以及学生之间的同伴暴力方面非常成功。在2015-16年度，我们决定对工具包进行改造，以便在中学使用。我们与两所中学合作，并与坎帕拉的行政部门、教师、学生和主要利益攸关方交谈，探讨他们预防暴力的需求。我们发现，中学生的性暴力和亲密伴侣关系中的暴力水平高于小学生。我们创建并测试了新的活动来解决这一问题，并解决了学校中的性别不平等问题。现在，我们将对这个新的改编工具包进行试点测试。我们的目标是：了解新的工具包是否可以被中学教职员工、学生、照顾者和其他利益相关者接受和理解；在中学实施的可行性；测试我们可以在更大规模的研究中使用的措施，以确定该工具包的有效性；并探索中学、教职员工和学生是否愿意参与更大规模的暴力预防研究。我们将与乌干达坎帕拉的8所学校合作。一半人将在18个月内接受新的工具包干预，另一半人将在18个月结束后获得工具包。研究团队将与员工、学生、照顾者和其他利益相关者进行调查、观察、定性焦点小组讨论和访谈，以了解干预措施是否可接受、可理解和可行。研究小组将反复将结果反馈给实施该工具包的提升声音团队，以便实时对该工具包进行改进。在项目结束时，我们将有一个针对中学的全面优化的良好学校工具包，以及我们需要的信息，以有效地计划一项更大的随机对照试验，以测试该工具包在减少教职员工与学生之间、学生同伴之间和学生亲密伙伴关系内的身体、性和情感暴力方面的有效性。

Physical, sexual and emotional violence against children and adolescents are widespread, and school is a prime risk environment where children and adolescents are exposed to such violence. Main perpetrators of violence against children and adolescents include peers, intimate partners, and in some settings, including Uganda, school staff. In Uganda, sexual and intimate partner violence are one of the top 10 leading causes of disease burden.Raising Voices, a Ugandan non-governmental organisation, has developed the Good School Toolkit, an intervention to prevent violence from school staff towards students, and peer violence between students. It is a whole-school approach which aims to reduce multiple forms of violence and change power dynamics underpinning violence, by changing the operational culture of the school. We tested the Toolkit in a randomised controlled trial in 2012-2014, where 21 schools received the Toolkit and 21 received it after the study ended. The Toolkit was highly successful in reducing physical and emotional violence from school staff to students and peer violence between students. In 2015-16, we decided to adapt the Toolkit so that it could be used in secondary schools. We partnered with two secondary schools, and spoke to administration, teachers, students and key stakeholders in Kampala to explore their violence prevention needs. We found that the levels of sexual violence and violence in intimate partnerships were higher among secondary school students versus primary school students. We created and tested new activities to address this and to address gender inequality in schools.Now, we will conduct a pilot test of this new adapted Toolkit. Our aims are to: understand whether the new Toolkit is acceptable and understandable to secondary school staff, students, caregivers and other stakeholders; feasible to implement in secondary schools; to test measures that we can use in a larger study to determine the effectiveness of the Toolkit; and to explore whether secondary schools, staff, and students are willing to participate in larger-scale research on violence prevention.We will partner with 8 schools in wider Kampala, Uganda. Half will receive the new Toolkit intervention, over a period of 18 months, and the other half will receive the Toolkit after the end of the 18 months. The research team will conduct surveys, observations, qualitative focus group discussions and interviews with staff, students, caregivers and other stakeholders to understand whether the intervention is acceptable, understandable, and feasible to deliver. The research team will feed back results iteratively to the Raising Voices' team implementing the Toolkit, so that refinements to the Toolkit can be made in real time.At the end of the project, we will have a fully optimised Good School Toolkit for secondary schools, and information we need to efficiently plan a larger randomised controlled trial to test the effectiveness of the Toolkit in reducing physical, sexual and emotional violence between staff and students, between student peers and within student intimate partnerships.