DAILY SELF-REPORTED DRINKING--LONGITUDINAL PATTERNS

这项拟议的研究是一项深入的、纵向的非临床研究 抽样调查：(1)日常饮酒方式动态 在两年的时间里，以及这些人的生物心理社会相关性 动态；(2)基于标准的酒精问题的自然历史；以及(3) 与生化标记物的识别相关的维度和 酒精滥用和依赖的具体风险因素。 目标：(1)确定并量化稳定的饮酒模式，以及(2) 确定与这些模式中的扰动相关的特定因素。 这些研究的结果可能会对这两项研究产生重大影响 公共卫生和公共安全观点：(1)规定 饮酒和症状模式的稳定和变化的条件 (包括酒精依赖)随时间推移，(2)提供详细的 预期的日常饮酒记录，以及(3)有机会 准确评估生化状态的特异性和敏感性 酒精消费的标志：此外，这些结果将大大增加 涉及：(1)亚临床症状学；(2) 生活应激源对心理社会功能和酒精的影响 消费，以及这三类变量是如何相互关联的； 以及(3)酒精使用模式的一致性和变化。 方法：通过招募男女受试者积极饮酒 报纸广告将报道消费和其他相关信息 2年内使用自动交互语音每天提供信息 应答电话系统。平均三分之一的科目为：(1) 无症状，(2)表现出1至2个DSM-IV酒精滥用/依赖症状， (3)出现3~5个症状。每日数据将在以下时间收集： 啤酒、葡萄酒、烈酒和香烟的数量.醉酒等级 以及开车时的一般情绪、压力和身体健康；以及地点 饮酒(或不喝酒的原因)。受试者将接受评估 每季度一次，用于发展或减少酒精症状。 每季度进行一次血液化验，为期两年，每天 报告确定了两个有希望的信度和效度， 最近发现的酗酒状态标志物(血红蛋白- 乙醛加合物和缺乏碳水化合物的转铁蛋白)与 更传统但非特定的标记。 长期目标：获得的数据将被用来指定更大的 可靠性与一些高度相关的公共卫生和公共安全 担忧。由于大多数有酒精问题的美国人从未接受过治疗， 这项研究的结果是使用未被选择进行治疗的受试者 对于广泛饮酒的人来说应该特别有意义 公开的。从这项研究中产生的数据应该特别提供 对症状学的演变和波动的有用见解 大量饮酒，未经治疗的样本。

The proposed research is an in-depth, longitudinal study of a nonclinical sample investigating: (1) dynamics of daily alcohol consumption patterns over a 2-year period, and the biopsychosocial correlates of those dynamics; (2) natural history of criteria-based alcohol problems; and (3) associated dimensions related to identification of biochemical markers and specific risk factors for alcohol abuse and dependence. Goals: (1) Identify and quantify stable patterns of drinking, and (2) identify specific factors associated with perturbations in those patterns. Results from these studies could have a significant impact from both public health and public safety perspectives by: (1) specifying the conditions for the stability and change in drinking and symptom patterns (including alcohol dependence) over time, (2) providing a detailed prospective record of daily drinking, and (3) affording the opportunity to assess accurately the specificity and sensitivity of biochemical state markers of alcohol consumption: Also, these results will add substantially to scientific knowledge concerning: (1) subclinical symptomatology; (2) influences of life stressors on psychosocial functioning and alcohol consumption, and how these three classes of variables are interrelated; and (3) consistency and change in patterns of alcohol use. Method: Actively drinking male and female subjects recruited through newspaper advertisements will report consumption and other relevant information daily for 2 years using an automated Interactive Voice Response telephone system. Equal thirds of the subjects will be: (1) symptom free, (2) exhibit 1 to 2 DSM-IV alcohol abuse/dependence symptoms, and (3) manifest 3 to 5 symptoms. Daily data will be gathered on: quantity of beer, wine, liquor, and cigarettes; ratings of intoxication and while driving, general mood, stress, and physical health; and location of drinking (or reasons for not drinking). Subjects will be evaluated quarterly for development of or reduction in alcoholic symptomatology. Blood assays will be obtained every quarter for the 2-year period of daily reporting to determine the reliability and validity of two promising, recently-identified state markers of alcohol abuse (hemoglobin- acetaldehyde adducts and carbohydrate-deficient transferrin) relative to more traditional but nonspecific markers. Long-term objectives: Data obtained will be used to specify with greater reliability a number of highly relevant public health and public safety concerns. Since most Americans with alcohol problems are never treated, results of this study using subjects unselected for treatment-seeking should be especially meaningful for a broad spectrum of the drinking public. Data generated from this research should provide particularly useful insights into the evolution and fluctuations of symptomatology in a heavy drinking, nontreatment sample.