COGNITIVE & PSYCHOSOCIAL RECOVERY IN ALCOHOLIC SUBTYPES

申请者摘要：在我们的第一个资助期(2012年8月至1997年7月)，我们有 考察了三个认知过程(获取、可获得性和效率) 亚组中酒精相关神经认知障碍的候选靶点 根据其他物质使用/滥用分类的慢性酗酒者。 在第一个资助期内收集的数据，以及#年获得的数据 相关研究表明，在这三个过程中，认知效率可能 是最容易受到酒精影响的人。然而，认知效率是 它本身是一个多因素术语，包含了许多更特殊的 过程包括记忆过程和注意过程。的主要关注点 目前的应用是进一步本地化与酒精相关的特定 在效率领域内的认知缺陷，主要是 关注和/或纪念。为了回答这个问题，我们建议 进行一系列测试，以评估神经生理学和 注意和记忆过程的行为伴随。认识 酒精中毒是一种异质性障碍，我们将把研究范围扩大到 研究可能的辅助因素的作用，包括情感状态， 儿童行为障碍，以及其他物质的使用。数据 在第一个资助期收集的资金也谈到了这一问题，并建议 多物质使用可能与性能和 心理社会变量。本申请使用经修订的 实验设计，扩展了我们实验室的神经认知历史 通过测定注意的作用研究男性和女性酗酒者 对酒精缺乏症的记忆过程，并进一步澄清 多物质滥用和心理社会变量在这些缺陷中的作用。 这一修改后的设计将对四组男性和女性酗酒者进行比较， 根据没有其他药物滥用(n=50)、滥用大麻 滥用兴奋剂(n=50)和滥用其他多种兴奋剂 30例，男性和女性社区对照(n=50)。一个额外的焦点 该项目的目的是完成对以下项目的纵向评估 不会在当前时间内完成重新测试的受试者 受资助的项目。通过澄清与酒精有关的缺陷的性质 认知效率，这项研究在这份修订后的申请中提出 4年的持续资助将加深我们对 神经认知功能障碍，并提供可能对 开发更有效的治疗方法。

APPLICANT'S ABSTRACT: In our first funding period (8/92-7/97), we have examined three cognitive processes (access, availability and efficiency) as candidate targets for alcohol-related neurocognitive impairment in subgroups of chronic alcoholics classified on the basis of other substance use/abuse. Data collected during this first funding period, as well as that obtained in related work, suggest that, of the three processes, cognitive efficiency may be the most vulnerable to alcohol effects. However, cognitive efficiency is itself a multifactorial term that subsumes a number of more special processes including memorial and attentional process. The primary focus of the current application is to localize further the specific alcohol-related cognitive deficits within the domain of efficiency, as being principally attentional and/or memorial. To answer this question, we propose to administer a battery of tests which will assess neurophysiological and behavioral concomitants of attentional and memorial processes. Recognizing that alcoholism is a heterogenous disorder, we will extend the study to examine the roles of possible cofactors, including affective state, childhood behavioral disorders, and the use of other substances. Data collected in the first funding period also speak to this issue and suggest that polysubstance use may be differentially related to both performance and psychosocial variables. The present application, using a revised experimental design, extends our laboratory's history of neurocognitive studies of male and female alcoholics by determining the role of attentional vs. memorial processes in alcoholic deficits and in further clarifying the role of polysubstance abuse and psychosocial variables in these deficits. This revised design will compare four groups of male and female alcoholics, defined on the basis of no other drug abuse (n=50), abuse of marijuana (n=50), abuse of stimulants (n=50), and abuse of other multiple stimulants (n=30) with male and female community controls (n=50). An additional focus of the project is to complete the longitudinal assessments for those subjects who will not have completed their retest during the currently funded project. By clarifying the nature of alcohol-related deficits in cognitive efficiency, the research proposed in this revised application for 4 years of continued funding will enhance our understanding of the neurocognitive impairment and provide data potentially important to developing more effective treatment approaches.