Combatting Antibiotic Resistance in Philippine lakes: One-health upstream interventions to ease the burden

当抗生素用于人类和动物时，一些药物可能会通过尿液或粪便排出，或者当通过饲料和水输送给动物时，可能会流入环境中。在这两种情况下，抗生素和抗药性细菌都可能进入水道，如作为水源、捕鱼、养鱼和养虾以及休闲的重要湖泊。这种污染可能导致抗生素耐药性的传播。对关键抗生素的耐药性的发展在治疗人类感染方面令人担忧。在亚洲，对抗生素使用的限制较少，这意味着这是一个迅速发展的问题，无论是在农业和医药上的使用。在这个项目中，我们将评估菲律宾的人类和动物使用抗生素如何导致吕宋岛大拉古纳湖的污染。然后，我们将应用物理干预措施，如废水处理和动物实践（抗菌管理）的变化，并评估污染的变化。如果成功，这些方法可以用于亚洲、非洲和拉丁美洲的其他发展中国家。

When antibiotics are used in humans and animals some of the drug may be passed out into urine or faeces, or when delivered in feed and water to animals may run off into the environment. In both cases antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria may enter water courses such as lakes important as sources of water, for fishing, farming of fish and prawns and for leisure. This contamination may lead to the spread of antibiotic resistance. The development of resistance to key antibiotics is of concern in treating human infections. Fewer restrictions on the use of antibiotics in Asia mean this is a rapidly developing problem both from use in agriculture and medicine.In this project we will assess how antimicrobial use in both humans and animals in Philippines leads to contamination of the large Laguna Lake in Luzon Island. We will then apply physical interventions such as waste water treatment and changes in practice (antimicrobial stewardship) in animals and assess changes to contamination. If successful these approaches can be used in other developing countries sin Asia, Africa and Latin America.