SCHIZOTYPAL DISORDER: BIOL BASIS USING NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL & MRI METHODS

分裂型人格障碍（SPD）是一种内在的兴趣， 人格障碍 理论上和实验上也是 作为精神分裂症谱的可能组成部分， 疾病：最近的遗传流行病学研究提供了强有力的 SPD和精神分裂症（SZ）之间存在联系的证据，从而 强调SPD研究策略的实用性， 检查SZ频谱异常而不使其复杂化，以及 SZ中经常存在混杂变量，如慢性疾病， 长期用药和长期住院治疗。 SPD受试者因此 我们相信，这可能会提供一个更不混淆和更清晰的观点， 至少一些“原发性”频谱异常和/或 比SZ受试者更脆弱。 因此，本申请 建议扩展我们的多学科研究计划， SZ对SPD研究的生物学基础。 我们认为这种专注 关于SPD的研究是特别及时的，因为SPD的许多生物 相关因素仍未得到研究。 我们开发了临床， 神经心理学的 事件相关电位（ERP）和磁 共振成像（NM）方法，与我们的 我们认为，概念和理论方法已被证明是 在SZ研究方面非常有成果。 我们认为，这种方法将SPD 证明同样富有成效，因为我们自己和其他人的数据强烈 这表明，至少有一些功能，临床和大脑 SZ的异常也可能存在于该谱系障碍中。 我们新的初步和多学科SPD数据提供了我们 相信是惊人的和令人兴奋的证据一致， 深圳出现异常，我们认为这可能是 主要分布在颞叶和前额叶 皮质和 他们的联合系统。 SPD受试者表现出：1）相对特异性 语言学习的缺陷（主要是语义聚类） 加州语言学习测试（CVLT）和威斯康星州的趋势 卡片分类任务（WCST）异常; 2）P300事件相关 潜在的整体振幅降低和左<右颞 区域电压不对称（P300测量处理异常 刺激）;和3）NM证据左侧体积减少 海马体/杏仁核前部和邻近的 颞角 本申请旨在确认并延长 这些发现是在一项对25名男性和25名女性右撇子进行的为期5年的研究中得出的 患有DSM-III-R SPD诊断的个体和50名年龄、性别和父母 所有SES匹配的正常对照。 这种应用的可行性 雄心勃勃的技术和理论目标，我们相信， 凭借我们在深圳的丰富经验， research.

Schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) is of intrinsic interest as a personality disorder. It is also theoretically and experimentally important as a likely component of the schizophrenia spectrum disorders: recent genetic-epidemiologic studies have provided strong evidence of a link between SPD and schizophrenia (SZ), thereby emphasizing the utility of the strategy of studying SPD in order to examine the SZ spectrum abnormalities without the complicating, and often confounding variables present in SZ, such as chronic illness, chronic medication, and chronic hospitalization. SPD subjects thus may, we believe, provide a more non-confounded and clearer view of at least some of the "primary" spectrum abnormalities and/or markers of vulnerability than SZ subjects. Accordingly, this application proposes to extend our multidisciplinary research program for probing the biological bases of SZ to the study of SPD. We think this focus on SPD is particularly timely because many of SPD's biologic correlates remain unexamined. We have developed clinical, neuropsychological. event-related potential (ERP) and magnetic resonance imaging (NM) methodologies which, together with our conceptual and theoretical approach, have, we believe, proven to be very fruitful in SZ studies. We believe this approach to SPD will prove equally fruitful, since our own and others' data strongly suggest that at least some of the functional, clinical and brain abnormalities of SZ may also be present in this spectrum disorder. Our new preliminary and multidisciplinary SPD data provide what we believe is striking and exciting evidence for congruence with the abnormalities present in SZ, and which we think are likely to be primarily referable to temporal lobe, to prefrontal. cortex and to their joint systems. SPD subjects show: 1) a relatively specific deficit in verbal learning (primarily semantic clustering) on the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) and a trend toward Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST) abnormalities; 2) P300 event-related potential overall amplitude reduction and a left < right temporal region voltage asymmetry (the P300 measures processing of unusual stimuli); and 3) NM evidence for left-lateralized reduction in volume of the anterior hippocampus/amygdala and enlargement of adjacent temporal horn. This application proposes to confirm and to extend these findings in a 5-year study of 25 male and 25 female right-handed individuals with DSM-III-R SPD diagnoses and 50 age-, sex-, and parent al SES-matched normal controls. The feasibility of this application's ambitious technical and theoretical goals, is, we believe, validated by our extensive experience with the methodology and approach in SZ research.