SYNTHESES OF HIV RISK REDUCTION RESEARCH

说明(申请人摘要)：本修订申请建议 综合和组织有关艾滋病毒传播的现有知识 通过行为的改变。这一综合将通过一系列 五个理论指导和方法严谨的荟萃分析。 这些元分析中的前三个将直接涉及主要 预防艾滋病毒感染，最后两项荟萃分析将重点放在 危险性行为的理论基础：(1)第一元分析 将综合关于降低风险的有效性的研究 对艾滋病毒性传播的干预；(2)第二次荟萃分析将 综合关注降低风险效果的研究 静脉吸毒者中艾滋病毒感染的干预措施；(3)A 第三，荟萃分析将综合关注以下方面的研究 减少艾滋病毒风险的大众媒体干预。调查人员预计 这些元分析将记录这些风险的有效性 减少策略并确定与干预成功相关的因素； (4)第四个元分析将综合检验该假说的研究 使用避孕套的意图与避孕套的使用有关；以及(5)第五 Meta分析将综合干预研究，并检查 意图的改变与行为的改变是相关联的。小心地 总结了迄今为止关于这些重要且快速增长的 文献，这些元分析将告知公共卫生官员， 基于社区的干预者和科学家关于哪些干预措施 效果最好，干预措施的哪些组成部分影响最大，以及 减少艾滋病毒风险干预措施最多的情况是什么 很可能会成功。

DESCRIPTION (Applicant's Abstract): This revised application proposes to synthesize and organize existing knowledge regarding HIV transmission through behavior change. This synthesis will be achieved through a series of five theoretically guided and methodologically rigorous meta-analyses. The first three of these meta-analyses will directly address primary prevention of HIV infection, and the last two meta-analyses will focus on the theoretical basis for risky sexual behavior: (1) A first meta-analysis will synthesize studies regarding the efficacy of risk-reduction intervention for sexual transmission of HIV; (2) A second meta-analysis will synthesize studies that focused on the efficacy of risk-reduction interventions for HIV infection among intravenous drug users (IDUs); (3) A third meta-analysis will synthesize studies that focused on the efficacy of mass media intervention for HIV risk-reduction. The investigators expect that these meta-analyses will document the effectiveness of these risk reduction strategies and identify factors related to intervention success; (4) A fourth meta-analysis will synthesize studies testing the hypothesis that intention to use condoms correlate with condom usage; and (5) The fifth meta-analysis will synthesize intervention studies and examine whether changes in intention are associated with changes in behavior. By carefully summing up the evidence to date on these important and quickly growing literatures, these meta-analyses will inform public health officials, community-based interventionists, and scientists about which interventions work best, which components of interventions have the largest impact, and the circumstances under which HIV risk-reduction interventions are most likely to be successful.