The North Atlantic Climate System Integrated Study (ACSIS) - 1 year extension

整个北大西洋气候系统正在发生重大变化：海洋和大气温度和环流、海冰厚度和范围以及臭氧、甲烷和气溶胶颗粒等关键大气成分的变化。许多观测到的变化在仪器记录中是前所未有的。北大西洋的变化直接影响英国的气候、天气和空气质量，对农业、渔业、水、能源、交通和健康产生重大经济影响。北大西洋也具有全球重要性，因为这里的变化会导致气候、危险天气和空气质量的变化在更远的地方，如北美、非洲和亚洲。ACSIS的延期是正在进行的名为ACSIS：北大西洋气候系统综合研究的五年战略研究计划的一年延续。ACSIS汇集并利用了英国环境科学界的广泛能力和专业知识。其目标是提高英国发现、归类(即解释)和预测北大西洋气候系统变化的能力。ACSIS正在整合对大气物理和化学、海洋状况和北极冰的新旧观测，并辅之以详细的数据分析和最先进的计算机模拟，从而提供对北大西洋气候系统的新理解。观测来自不同的来源，包括NERC在北大西洋的观测点、卫星遥感和NCAS FAAM飞机。计算机模拟组件正在以前所未有的空间细节提供大气、海洋和海冰的模拟。ACSIS的扩展将利用过去5年中取得的进展来解决最近出现的具体新研究问题。它将调查令人兴奋的证据，即北大西洋/欧洲地区气候变化比之前认为的更可预测，并将开始评估北大西洋变化对英国环境的影响。

Major changes are occurring across the North Atlantic climate system: in oceanic and atmospheric temperatures and circulation, in sea ice thickness and extent, and in key atmospheric constituents such as ozone, methane and particles known as aerosols. Many observed changes are unprecedented in instrumental records. Changes in the North Atlantic directly affect the UK's climate, weather and air quality, with major economic impacts on agriculture, fisheries, water, energy, transport and health. The North Atlantic also has global importance, since changes here drive changes in climate, hazardous weather and air quality further afield, such as in North America, Africa, and Asia.The ACSIS extension is a 1 year continuation of an ongoing 5-year strategic research programme called ACSIS: the North Atlantic Climate System Integrated Study.ACSIS brings together and exploits a wide range of capabilities and expertise in the UK environmental science community. Its goal is to enhance the UK's capability to detect, attribute (i.e. explain the causes of) and predict changes in the North Atlantic Climate System. ACSIS is delivering new understanding of the North Atlantic climate system by integrating new and old observations of atmospheric physics and chemistry, of the ocean state and of Arctic ice, complemented by detailed data analysis and state-of-the-art computer simulations. Observations are obtained from diverse sources including NERC's observational sites in the North Atlantic, satellite remote sensing and the NCAS FAAM aeroplane. The computer modelling component is providing simulations of the atmosphere, ocean, and sea ice with unprecedented spatial detail.The ACSIS extension will exploit advances made during the past 5 years to address specific new research questions which have arisen recently. It will investigate exciting evidence that changes in the climate of the North Atlantic/European region are much more predictable than was previously thought and will start to assess the impact of North Atlantic changes on the UK environment.