Racial/Ethnic Differences in Alcohol Use in Youths

描述(申请人提供)：拟议的为期三年的调查的目标是确定酒精使用的决定因素主要是 拉美裔和欧洲裔美国青年。目标将包括检验因果关系。 酒精使用启动和升级的模型。此模型指定 关键近端因素的操作结合理论支持 一般的和潜在的更远端的因素。在三元理论的指导下 影响(TTI)，近端因素将包括与酒精相关的意图， 自我效能感、态度和社交名气。同样在TTI的指导下，远端因素 包括全球期望值、抑郁、父母关系、父母 监控和学术导向。最后，潜在的至关重要 社会文化影响将被概念化为终极因素 模型(在TTI内最远端饮酒)。全球预期和 拉丁裔的文化取向是两个特别有希望的因素， 在全面的理论指导的青少年饮酒模型中进行了深入的研究 参与其中。将测试中介效应和缓和效应，包括 特别强调后者在社会文化影响方面的作用。 这些目标将通过对来自以下国家的队列进行二次数据分析来实现 两项研究--《中学生健康儿童与烟草调查》(N=1622)和 ADD Health研究(N=12,118)；两个数据集都有拉丁裔和/或欧洲人 美国人是最大的群体。前者由校长领导 调查员，负责数据收集(由圣诞老人的ETR Associates协调 将于2000年12月1日前完成；后者是一项全国性研究。 这些研究的每个数据集都对该模型进行了强有力的测试，包括 对酒精含量随时间变化的预测进行测试。 总的来说，这些数据为测试该模型提供了一个独特的机会 多个拉丁裔分组，并包括年轻人酗酒的报告和 其他他们认识的人。结构方程模型将是#年的主要重点。 这些分析，尽管其他纵向模型也将被采用，具体取决于 关于相关性的结果。 研究表明，针对近端和远端的一系列程序 决定因素可能导致青少年更强烈、更持续的减少 随着时间的推移酒精的使用。然而，目前对这一问题的了解不足。 关于关键决定因素，特别是在高风险拉丁裔和欧洲裔美国人中 青春年华。通过澄清导致酒精发作和升级的因果路径 可能受到社会文化影响，拟议的项目还将 帮助制定更有力的青年干预计划，以满足不同群体的需要 青春年华。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of the proposed three-year investigation is to identify determinants of alcohol use in predominantly Latino and Euro American youth. The objectives will involve testing the causal model of alcohol use initiation and escalation. This model specifies the operation of key proximal factors in conjunction with theory-based supported general and underlying more distal factors. Guided by the theory of triadic influence (TTI), proximal factors will include alcohol-related intentions, self-efficacy, attitudes, and social noms. Also guided by TTI, distal factors include global expectancies, depression, parental relatedness, parental monitoring, and academic orientation. Finally, potentially vital sociocultural influences will be conceptualized as ultimate factors in the model (most distal to alcohol use within TTI). Global expectancies and cultural orientation in Latinos are two especially promising factors that have been understudied within comprehensive theory-guided models of youths' alcohol involvement. Both mediational and moderational effects will be tested, with special emphasis on the latter for the role of socio-cultural influences. The aims will be accomplished through secondary data analyses of cohorts from two studies-the Middle School Healthy Kids and Tobacco Survey (N = 1622) and the Add Health Study (N = 12,118); both data sets have Latinos and/or Euro American as the largest groups. The former is led by the Principal Investigator, with data collection (coordinated by ETR Associates in Santa Cruz, CA) to be completed by December 1, 2000; the latter is a national study. Each data set from these studies afford strong tests of the model, including tests of the prediction of changes in alcohol involvement over time. Collectively these data present a unique opportunity to test the model in multiple Latino sub-groups, and include reports of alcohol by the youths and others they know. Structural equation models will be of primary emphasis in the analyses, though other longitudinal models will also be employed depending on the outcome of relevance. Research suggests that programs addressing a range of both proximal and distal determinants may result in stronger, more sustained reductions in adolescent alcohol use over time. However, there is currently insufficient knowledge about the key determinants, especially in high-risk Latino and Euro American youth. By clarifying how causal paths leading to alcohol onset and escalation may be impacted by sociocultural influences, the proposed project will also aid in the development of more potent youth intervention programs for diverse youth.