SPECIFICITY OF MOTHER-INFANT INTERACTION

该项目研究了影响儿童在生命的头十年中认知和社会能力发展的内源性和外源性因素。在孩子们大到足以进入正式的社会学习环境之前，他们几乎所有的经验都直接来自于他们与主要照顾者的互动。该项目侧重于若干产妇特征（年龄、父母身份、胎次、就业状况以及母亲在就业期间所经历的替代照料类型）在多大程度上影响观察到的照料与儿童发展认知和社会能力之间的关系。在这种纵向方法中，受试者在5个月和20个月以及4岁和10岁时接受访问。在5个月时，观察到母婴互动。在20个月时，获得幼儿功能（游戏能力、语言发展和社会适应）和母亲行为（游戏和智力）的测量。在4岁和10岁时，对儿童的各种能力（表征能力、解决问题的能力、推理能力、数学能力、语言使用和话语以及一般适应性行为的选定方面）进行详细检查，并将与早期的措施有关。-人体实验对象

This project investigates endogenous and exogenous factors that contribute to the development of cognitive and social competencies in children during the first ten years of life. Before children are old enough to enter formal social learning situations, nearly all of their experiences stem directly from interactions they have with their primary caregivers. The project focuses on the extent to which several maternal characteristics (age, parenthood status, parity, employment status, as well as type of substitute care experienced during mother=s employment) influence observed relations between caregiving on the one hand and child developing cognitive and social competencies on the other. In this longitudinal approach, subjects are visited when they are 5 and 20 months and 4 and 10 years of age. At 5 months, mother-infant interaction is observed. At 20 months, measures of toddler functioning (play competence, language development, and social adaptation) and maternal behavior (play and intelligence) are obtained. At 4 and 10 years, diverse children=s abilities (representational competence, problem solving, reasoning skills, mathematical ability, language use and discourse, and selected aspects of generally adaptive behavior) are examined in detail and will be related to the earlier measures. - Human Subjects