MULTIDIMENSIONAL DYNAMICS OF THE VESTIBULO OCULAR REFLEX

描述：角形和线形前庭-眼反射(avor和 LVOR)可以具有补偿性和空间方向性的特点 机械装置。补偿机制将眼睛移动到对头 运动，以保持眼睛在空间中的稳定。空间定向 机械装置倾向于使眼睛的旋转或眼睛的偏航轴与 重力惯性加速度(GIA)。补偿性的艾弗已经被 通过将其增益和相位特性与 高度规则到高度不规则的耳石传入神经。一种算法 已经决定展示中央前庭系统是如何结合的 耳石传入信号的输出，以实现补偿 LVOR的功能。建议将建模方法扩展到 包括眼球反转和垂直等方位反应 GIA绕鼻枕骨旋转所致的眼球倾斜 耳间轴线。将使用齐次变换矩阵来建模 由于鼻枕加速引起的眩晕。视觉效果和视觉效果 LVOR上的距离将被建模为收敛的函数。基于模型的 对定向参数的识别提出了实验方法 产生眼球反转和垂直倾斜的系统。vbl.使用 正弦离心法，低速切向加速将 识别LVOR补偿器的高频特性和 定向机构和向心加速度将用于识别 低频特性。时空会聚(STC)耳石 将研究前庭核团中的相关单位，以确定 它们编码耳石传入行为的线性组合。这是意料之中的 这些神经元将分离平移和倾斜反应 将具有补偿性和定向性的特点。这个 模型还将与速度的空间定向模型相结合 储存以预测定向和补偿行为 非垂直轴旋转(OVAR)。预计定向 LVOR的组件将调制速度存储的时间常数 三维，并造成眼睛反转，垂直倾斜，以及 补偿机制将有助于 水平眼球速度。收敛是否具有 补偿或定向系统将根据其幅度和 相位特性。当LVOR-AVOR相互作用的模型已经 建立后，它将用于预测旋转时对俯仰的响应 (PWR)用于居中和离轴旋转。这一刺激激活了LVOR， Avor和收敛机制，以类似于发生的方式 在圆周运动中。这些研究应该有助于我们理解 LVOR有助于在运动时保持清晰的视力，并有助于诊断疾病 与行走时的视觉稳定有关。

DESCRIPTION: The angular and linear vestibulo-ocular reflexes (aVOR and lVOR) can be characterized by compensatory and spatial orientation mechanisms. The compensatory mechanisms move the eyes to counter head movement so as to keep the eyes stable in space. Spatial orientation mechanisms tend to align ocular rotations or the yaw axis of the eye with the gravito-inertial acceleration (GIA). The compensatory IVOR has been modeled by relating its gain and phase characteristics to the behavior of a range of highly regular to highly irregular otolith afferents. An algorithm has been determined to show how the central vestibular system might combine the output of the otolith afferents so as to implement the compensatory function of the lVOR. It is proposed to extend the modeling approach to encompass orientation responses such as ocular counter-rolling and vertical ocular tilts due to rotations of the GIA about the naso-occipital and interaural axes. Homogeneous transformation matrices will be used to model vergence due to naso-occipital acceleration. Effects of vision and viewing distance on the lVOR will be modeled as a function of vergence. Model-based experiments are proposed to identify the parameters of the orientation system that generates ocular counter-rolling and vertical tilts. Using sinusoidal centrifugation, tangential acceleration at low velocities will identify the high frequency characteristics of the lVOR compensatory and orienting mechanisms and centripetal accelerations will be used to identify the low frequency characteristics. Spatio-temporal convergent (STC) otolith related units in the vestibular nuclei will be studied to determine whether they code a linear combination of otolith afferent behavior. It is expected that these neurons will segregate the translation and tilt responses and will have characteristics of the compensatory and orienting subsystems. The model will also be combined with the spatial orientation model of velocity storage to predict the orientation and compensatory behavior during off-vertical axis rotation (OVAR). It is expected that the orienting component of the lVOR will modulate the time constant of velocity storage in three dimensions and cause ocular counter-rolling, vertical tilt, and that the compensatory mechanisms will contribute to the oscillations in horizontal eye velocity. Whether convergence has properties of a compensatory or orienting system will be determined from its amplitude and phase characteristics. When the model of lVOR-aVOR interaction has been established, it will be used to predict the response to pitch while rotating (PWR) for centered and off-axis rotation. This stimulus activates the lVOR, aVOR, and vergence mechanisms in an analogous manner to that which occurs during circular locomotion. These studies should help us understand how the lVOR fosters clear vision during locomotion and help diagnose diseases associated with visual stabilization while walking.