Exploring Domestic Homicide Reviews as a mechanism for change

2011年，英格兰和威尔士引入了家庭凶杀案审查。DHR讲述了一个凶杀案的故事，描述了某人死亡前的情况。通过识别学习，他们的目标是改善预防和干预战略，减少未来杀人的可能性。截至2018年，已完成500多项人力资源报告。迄今为止，学术界的兴趣集中在人力资源司调查结果的汇总和二次分析上。对人力资源司的运作和知识生产的研究有限。这引起了一些问题。首先，受害者是人力资源报告所述故事的核心，但必然保持沉默。人力资源部如何建立一个人的形象，包括他们作为凶杀案受害者的“新”身份？受害者的故事是如何讲述的，特别是如果对所发生的事情有争议的说法，以及在讲述中听到了谁的声音？第二，尽管该州将人权报告作为一个进程，但它在家庭暴力和虐待方面的记录好坏参半。虽然活动家和学者努力将家庭暴力和虐待从“私人”领域转移到“公共”领域，但许多人也认识到，国家也可能构成风险。例如，有些人认为，国家本身就是滥用权力的，受害者因本应支持他们的机构而再次受害，而另一些人则将国家对策视为管理犯罪风险或将管理技术应用于人民治理的范例。总的来说，这些问题在人力资源司的背景下可以归结为两个矛盾。人力资源部讲述了受害者的故事，但受害者可能被边缘化。与此同时，人权报告是国家寻求“吸取教训”的工具，但其对家庭暴力和虐待的复杂和往往有问题的反应决定了国家这样做的能力。本研究考虑了DHR的“内部视图”。首先，我将研究出版的DHR作为文本，追踪其中关于家庭暴力和虐待的话语，包括关于受害者和国家角色的叙述。其次，我将使用基于网络的调查和半结构化访谈来探讨人力资源司参与者的经验和理解。使用描述性的分析技术和话语分析，我的混合方法将使如何杀人案的理解，解释，以及什么样的学习被确定为结果的检查。我将在社会生活的不同层面进行分析，确保它反映了受害者可以占据的个人，关系，社区和更广泛的系统位置。这项研究将产生重大影响。从概念上讲，它将解决一个理论不足的领域，并批判性地参与知识生成的问题。在工具方面，调查结果将为人力资源司的“行动”提供信息，协助决策者在决策中使用和应用人力资源司的建议。调查结果还将直接使从业人员受益，加强他们进行人力资源报告的培训和技能。总的来说，这项研究将探讨人力资源司是否是政策、做法和社会变革的有效机制的问题。因此，其调查结果将对应对家庭暴力和虐待产生直接影响。

Domestic Homicide Reviews (DHRs) were introduced in England and Wales in 2011. DHRs tell the story of a homicide, describing the circumstances prior to someone's death. By identifying learning, they aim to improve prevention and intervention strategies and reduce the likelihood of future homicides. By 2018, over 500 DHRs had been completed. To date, scholarly interest has focused on the aggregation and secondary analysis of DHR findings. There has been limited research into the operation of, and knowledge production by, DHRs. This raises a number of questions. First and foremost, the victim is at the heart of the story told in a DHR but is necessarily silent. How do DHRs build a picture of that person, including their 'new' identity as the victim of homicide? How is a victim's story told, particularly if there are contested accounts of what happened, and whose voice is heard in the telling? Secondly, although the state introduced DHRs as a process, it has a mixed record towards domestic violence and abuse. While activists and scholars fought to move domestic violence and abuse from the 'private' to 'public' sphere, many have also recognised that the state could also pose a risk. For example, some have argued that the state itself is abusive, with victims being revictimized by the institutions that should support them, while others have framed state response as examples of ways to manage the risk of crime or to apply management techniques to the governance of people. Taken together, these issues can be reduced to two paradoxes in the context of a DHR. A DHR tells a victim's story, but the victim may be marginalised. Meanwhile DHRs are a vehicle by which the state seeks to 'learn lessons', yet its ability to do so is mediated by its complex and often problematic response to domestic violence and abuse. This study considers the 'view from the inside' of a DHR. Firstly, I will examine published DHRs as texts, tracing the discourse about domestic violence and abuse within them, including narratives about victims and the role of the state. Secondly, I will use a web-based survey and semi-structured interviews to explore the experience and understanding of DHR participants. Using descriptive analytical techniques and discourse analysis, my mixed methodology will enable an examination of how homicides are understood, explained, and what learning is identified as a result. I will situate my analysis at different levels of social life, ensuring it reflects the individual, relational, community and wider systemic positions that victims can occupy. This study will have a significant impact. Conceptually, it will address an under-theorised area and critically engage with issues of knowledge generation. Instrumentally, the findings will inform the 'doing' of DHRs, assisting policymakers in their use and application of DHR recommendations in decision making. Findings will also directly benefit practitioners, enhancing their training and skills to undertake DHRs. As a whole, this study will tackle the question of whether DHRs are an effective mechanism for policy, practice and social change. Its findings will consequently have a direct impact on the response to domestic violence and abuse.