Project 1:Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation in Developed Countries

该项目旨在评估将在未来五年内在四个发达国家(美国、加拿大、英国和澳大利亚)中至少一个国家实施的国家级控烟政策的心理社会和行为影响。国际烟草控制吸烟评估调查(ITCPES)是一项对这四个国家的8300名成年吸烟者进行的40分钟电话队列调查，从2002年10月开始，2003年5月至8月出现第二波。调查包括六个主要烟草政策领域的吸烟行为、吸烟和戒烟的心理预测因素以及与政策相关的变量：(A)警告标签；(B)“轻”或“轻”品牌描述；(C)广告/促销；(D)价格/税收；(E)产品监管/替代尼古丁产品；(F)ETS保护法。准实验设计既包括国家之间的控制，也包括国家内部的控制。该项目有6个具体目标： (1)与政策没有改变的其他国家相比，检查一个国家的政策是否会影响自我报告的吸烟行为；(2)检查一项政策是否会增强与政策相关的心理社会变量；(3)与其他政策没有改变的国家相比，检查一项政策是否会导致与吸烟和戒烟行为有关的心理社会变量的增加；(4)检查是否可以通过补偿性行为(例如，改用折扣品牌而不是戒烟)来抵消控烟政策的影响；(5)审查烟草控制政策的效果是否受到情景和个人差异因素的影响；(6)确定烟草控制政策效果的心理社会机制。要求提供资金以继续开展这项工作 WAVE每两年进行一次，额外的分析涉及项目2和项目3的数据。随着最近通过了《烟草控制框架公约》，世界各地的政策制定者可以利用建立烟草控制政策的证据基础来实施经证明有效的政策

This Project seeks to evaluate the psychosocial and behavioral effects of national-level tobacco control policies that will be implemented in at least one of four developed countries (U.S., Canada, U.K., and Australia) over the next five years. The tnternationa Tobacco Contro Po icy Evaluation Survey (ITCPES)is a 40-minute telephone cohort survey of 8,300 adult smokers across these four countries, which began in October 2002 with a second wave in May-August 2003. The survey includes measures of smoking behavior, psychosociat predictors of smoking and quitting, and policy-relevant variables in six major tobacco policy domains: (a) warning labels; (b) "light" or "mild" brand descriptors; (c) advertising/promotion; (d) price/taxation; (e) product regulation/alternative nicotine products; and (f) ETS protection laws. The quasiexperimental design includes both between- and within-country controls. This Project has 6 specific aims: (1) examine whether a country's policy will affect self-reported smoking behavior, in comparison to other countries where that policy is not changing; (2) examine whether a policy will enhance policy-relevant psychosocial variables; (3) examine whether a policy will lead to enhancement of psychosocial variables known to be related to smoking and quitting behavior, in comparison to other countries where that policy is not changing; (4) examine whether the effects of tobacco control policies may be offset by compensatory behaviors (e.g., switching to discount brands instead of quitting); (5) examine whether the effects of tobacco control policies are moderated by situational and individual-difference factors; (6) identify the psychosocial mechanisms that underlie the effects of tobacco control policies. Funding is requested to continue the surve with waves every 2 years, with additional analyses involving data from Projects 2 and 3. With the recent adoption of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, building the evidence base for tobacco control policies could be used by policymakers worldwide to implement policies of demonstrated effectiveness