Direct and Indirect Measures of Glottal Volume Velocity

描述（由申请人提供）：语音研究的最终目标是建立一个共同的理论框架，将生理学，声学和语音感知联系起来。这种统一的方法对于解释组织运动最终如何导致语音感知至关重要。该研究评估了语音产生的线性源滤波器理论的一个主要假设：声门源和声道是独立的，因此可以使用线性技术有效地分离。因为传统的反滤波（基于线性源滤波理论）也是基于同样的假设，所以结果也将用于验证这种估计声门容积速度的技术。从反滤波得到的声音源估计将与以更直接但侵入性的方式计算的音量速度进行比较。由于体积速度在道德上不能直接在活人身上测量，因此将在切除的人喉部和犬体内模型中产生直接估计，方法是使用风速法测量声门处的出口喷射粒子速度，然后将该结果乘以高速成像得出的声门面积测量结果。研究将检查大范围的正常和病理发音结构，并与反过滤数据进行比较，将导致技术的修改，以在必要时提高过滤的有效性。通过对比喉部模拟得到的体积速度估计与声信号反滤波间接得到的体积速度估计，验证了反滤波估计体积速度的有效性。这样的研究也将阐明声门动力学和声乐声学之间的关系，从而最终有助于提高对声音产生的生物力学的基本理解和线性源滤波器理论的实际限制。本研究的主要假设是线性源滤波器理论的假设适用于特定的、有限的发声区域。本研究的目的是确定这些假设不成立的区域，并量化各种声音配置中源和过滤器之间的相互作用。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): An ultimate goal of speech research is to develop a common theoretical framework that will link together physiology, acoustics, and speech perception. Such a unified approach is essential in explaining how tissue movement finally results in the perception of speech sounds. The proposed research evaluates a major assumption underlying the linear source-filter theory of speech production: that the glottal source and vocal tract are independent, and thus can be effectively separated using linear techniques. Because this same assumption underlies conventional inverse filtering (which is based on linear source-filter theory), results will also serve to validate this technique for estimating the glottal volume velocity. Estimates of the voice source from inverse filtering will be compared to the volume velocity calculated in a more direct but invasive manner. Because the volume velocity cannot ethically be measured directly in living humans, direct estimates will be generated in excised human laryngeal and in vivo canine models, by using anemometry to measure the exit jet particle velocity at the glottis and then multiplying this result by glottal area measures derived from high-speed imaging. Studies will examine a great range of normal and pathological phonatory configurations, and comparisons to inverse filtered data will lead to modifications in techniques to improve filter validity when necessary. By comparing volume velocity estimates from laryngeal modeling to those indirectly derived from inverse filtering the acoustic signal, the validity of inverse filtering for estimating the volume velocity will be established. Such studies will also illuminate the relationship between glottal dynamics and vocal acoustics, and thus will ultimately contribute to an enhanced basic understanding of the biomechanics of voice production and the practical limits of linear source filter theory in general. The primary hypothesis of this research is that the assumptions of linear source-filter theory hold for specific, limited regions of phonation. The goal of this research is to determine the regions over which these assumptions do not hold, and to quantify the interactions between source and filter across a wide variety of vocal configurations.