MULTIDIMENSIONAL DYNAMIC OF THE VESTIBULO OCULAR REFLEX

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的目标是模拟前庭系统如何有助于在引起头部和身体的线性和角加速度的运动期间维持空间中的双目固定。我们假设，角和线性前庭眼反射（aVOR和IVOR）的特点是通过激活补偿和空间定向机制。在拟议的工作中，我们将扩展这些想法相结合的版本和聚散研究是否也可以双目观看的补偿和定向理论的特点。本文提出了一种利用旋转场线圈系统在三维空间中记录双眼眼球运动的方法。提出了一种新的数学方法来获得两个眼睛在头部坐标系中的收敛和版本矩阵方面的旋转。已经提出了将利用这些矩阵和从头部坐标系原点到每只眼睛的向量来计算注视注视点的算法。初步研究表明，可以训练猴子在视野中的不同位置注视目标，以校准每只眼睛。在第一个特定目标中，猴子将以0.5-4 Hz沿沿着鼻枕和其他主轴线性加速，同时以各种角度和距离观察空间中的目标。这将测试IVOR的补偿特性。在具体目标2中，我们将利用旋转平移（TWR）来确定低频线性加速度如何影响IVOR的双眼注视特性，我们假设这将由双眼定向机制产生，该机制将倾向于将双眼注视与净重力惯性加速度（GIA）对齐。在具体目标3中，将使用沿重力加速度轴的线性加速度沿着对猴进行试验。我们假设，这将引起补偿性眼动反应，而没有通常伴随的方向反应，在中频。我们预期补偿反应将维持空间中的固定注视点，而定向反应将倾向于使眼睛或眼睛速度与所得到的GIA对准。我们还将对三维补偿和方向收敛以及版本交互进行建模，如具体目标4所述。当这项研究完成后，我们将有一个定量模型，前庭系统如何有助于维持双眼凝视稳定性，而移动。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The objective of this project is model how the vestibular system contributes to maintaining binocular fixation in space during motions that induce linear and angular accelerations of the head and body. We have hypothesized that the angular and linear vestibulo-ocular reflexes (aVOR and IVOR) can be characterized through the activation of compensatory and spatial orientation mechanisms. In the proposed work, we will extend these ideas by combining version and vergence to study whether binocular viewing can also be characterized in terms of the compensatory and orienting theory. A methodology for recording binocular eye movements in three dimensions using a rotating field coil system has been developed. A new mathematical methodology has been proposed to obtain the rotation of the two eyes in terms of convergence and version matrices in head coordinates. Algorithms have been proposed that will utilize these matrices and a vector from the head coordinate frame origin to each eye to compute gaze fixation points. Preliminary studies indicate monkeys can be trained to fixate targets at various positions in the visual field to calibrate each eye. In the first specific aim, monkeys will be linearly accelerated along naso-occipital and other cardinal axes at 0.5-4 Hz, while viewing targets in space at various angles and distances from the origin of the head frame. This will test the compensatory properties of the IVOR. In specific aim 2, we will utilize translation while rotating (TWR) to determine how low frequency linear acceleration affects the binocular gaze characteristics of the IVOR, which we hypothesize will be generated by the binocular orientation mechanisms that will tend to align binocular fixation with the net gravito-inertial acceleration (GIA). In specific aim 3, monkeys will be tested using linear acceleration along the axis of the gravitational acceleration. We hypothesize that this will induce compensatory oculomotor responses without the usual concomitant orientation responses at midband frequencies. We expect that compensatory response will maintain fixed gaze points in space while orientation responses will tend to align the eyes or eye velocity with the resultant GIA. We will also model the three-dimensional compensatory and orientation convergence and version interaction as described in specific aim 4. When the study is completed, we will have a quantitative model of how the vestibular system contributes to maintenance of binocular gaze stability while moving.