Intracranial Recordings Reveal Task Dependent Theta

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究旨在阐明 人类学习和记忆的机制，特别是 大脑振荡在这个重要的人类能力。虽然人们早就知道 大脑振荡，特别是所谓的“θ节律”（4-12赫兹）， 在啮齿类动物学习空间信息时很重要， 人类学习和记忆中的脑振荡还没有被充分地 探讨了最近的研究表明，θ振荡很容易 在人类大脑中观察到，当学习任务完成时， 变得更加困难这一发现允许广泛的新问题， 问道这项拟议中的研究旨在评估θ振荡是否也 作为更高频率的伽马振荡， 和记忆更具体地说，这项研究的目的是评估θ的作用， 人类的空间认知和编码、复述和提取 工作记忆的过程。它还试图确定条件下 哪些与任务相关的认知操作产生θ振荡的重置， “后续记忆效应”是否是θ重置的结果。大脑 当癫痫患者在接受治疗时， 手术/侵入性监测作为医学临床治疗的一部分 难治性癫痫以最高标准的护理进行，这 手术对患者有潜在的治疗作用， 收集数据，可能导致新的治疗方法， 神经系统疾病通过执行不会对健康造成风险的认知任务 无论如何，这些患者可能会提供有关参与的精美数据， 脑电波对认知功能的影响拟议的研究将审查 脑电波与短期和长期记忆之间的关系 空间以及符号/语言信息。特别感兴趣的是， θ和/或γ振荡预测成功回忆。这些结果将 让我们了解正常和受损的记忆， 导致了对记忆障碍的新疗法。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed research seeks to illuminate the mechanisms of human learning and memory and, in particular, the role of brain oscillations in this vital human capacity. While it has long been known that brain oscillations, and especially the so-called "theta rhythm" (4-12 Hz), are important in rodents as they learn spatial information, the roles of these brain oscillations in human learning and memory have not been adequately explored. It has recently been shown that theta oscillations are readily observed in the human brain, and that they become stronger when a learning task is made more difficult. This finding allows a wide range of new questions to be asked. The proposed research aims to assess whether theta oscillations, as well as higher-frequency gamma oscillations, are causally involved in human learning and memory. More specifically, this research aims to assess theta's role in both human spatial cognition and the encoding, rehearsal, and retrieval processes of working memory. It also seeks to determine the conditions under which task-related cognitive operations produce reset of theta oscillations and whether the "subsequent memory effect" is a consequence of theta reset. Brain waves will be recorded while epileptic patients are undergoing surgical/invasive monitoring as part of the clinical treatment of medically refractory epilepsy. Performed with the highest standard of care, this procedure is potentially curative for the patients and presents an opportunity for collecting data that could lead to new treatments for others faced with neurological disease. By performing cognitive tasks that pose no health risks whatsoever, these patients may provide exquisite data on the involvement of brain waves in cognitive function. The proposed studies will examine the relation between brain waves and both short-term and long-term memory for spatial as well as symbolic/verbal information. Of special interest is whether theta and/or gamma oscillations predict successful recall. These results will inform our understanding of both normal and impaired memory and may ultimately lead to new treatments for debilitating memory disorders.