Longitudinal Effects of Sleep Problems on Cognition

描述（由申请人提供）：与睡眠相关的认知问题会导致事故、工作和工作绩效下降、决策能力下降等严重问题。先前的研究支持睡眠问题影响认知功能的一般结论，但也有证据表明，睡眠问题对某些认知功能的影响比对其他认知功能的影响更大。然而，在不同的研究中，损伤的具体模式是不一致的，这可能是因为个体认知测量不够理想。此外，该领域缺乏对一般和特定睡眠问题及其认知协变量和后遗症的发展模式的系统分析。该项目的具体目标是：(1)确定睡眠问题的发展模式；(2)明确睡眠问题的病因，包括遗传和环境因素对稳定性和变化的影响；(3)确定发育性和并发性睡眠问题对不同认知功能的影响。这些目标将通过应用以前未应用于这些问题的统计技术来解决，这些技术将应用于现有的纵向数据，这些数据来自对462对双胞胎从婴儿期到成年早期进行的大规模研究。具体来说，我们将使用4岁至16岁父母评定的睡眠问题的潜在类别增长曲线模型来探索睡眠问题的发展，并确定不同的模式（例如，持续与短暂）。然后，我们将应用这些发育模式的遗传模型以及个别时间点的问题来指定这些问题的病因。最后，我们将使用多重可分离执行功能和其他认知能力的潜在变量认知能力结果测量来检查发育问题的认知结果以及最近的睡眠习惯自评。我们还将研究睡眠问题在整个发展过程中对教师评价的注意力和思维问题的影响。这些建议的分析将导致更全面和强大的睡眠问题和认知功能模型。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Sleep-related cognitive problems can result in accidents, deficient job and work performance, poor decision making, and other serious problems. Previous research supports the general conclusion that sleep problems influence cognitive functioning, but evidence also indicates sleep problems affect some cognitive functions more than others. However, specific patterns of impairments are inconsistent across studies, possibly because of less than optimal individual cognitive measures. Moreover, the field lacks a systematic analysis of developmental patterns of general and specific Sleep problems and their cognitive covariates and sequelae. The specific aims of this project are to (1) identify developmental patterns in sleep problems; (2) specify the etiology of sleep problems, including genetic and environmental contributions to stability and change; and (3) determine the effect of developmental and concurrent sleep problems on different cognitive functions. These goals will be addressed through application of statistical techniques, not previously applied to these issues, to existing longitudinal data from a large-scale study of 462 twin pairs examined from infancy through early adulthood. Specifically, we will use latent class growth curve models of parent-rated sleep problems from ages 4 to 16 to explore the development of sleep problems and identify different patterns (e.g., persistent vs. transient). We will then apply genetic models of these developmental patterns as well as problems at individual time points to specify the etiology of these problems. Finally, we will examine the cognitive outcomes of developmental problems as well as recent self-ratings of sleep habits, using latent- variable cognitive ability outcome measures of multiple separable executive functions and other cognitive abilities. We will also examine the effect of sleep problems on teacher-rated attention and thought problems throughout development. These proposed analyses will result in more comprehensive and powerful models of sleep problems and cognitive function.