Smoking Research With Incarcerated Females

描述（由申请人提供）： 本申请的目的是在被监禁女性吸烟问题上获得为期5年的以患者为导向的研究职业发展奖（K23），以开展研究和培训活动，促进候选人作为独立临床研究人员的发展。这包括与研究设计，生物统计学和伦理学有关的正式课堂作业，沿着参加会议和与导师的会议。拟议的研究计划包括在女囚犯吸烟方面相互借鉴的两项研究。第一项研究是横断面研究，旨在调查女性监禁人员的吸烟行为。此外，本研究还将研究吸烟者、戒烟者和非吸烟者在物质滥用和人格测量方面的差异，并考虑其他关键协变量，如犯罪史、医疗问题、改变意愿和轴I病理学，以区分这三组。第二项研究将是使用Hall等人的临床试验。的（1994）情绪管理组戒烟干预结合尼古丁贴片（或无贴片）。干预组将与六个月后接受治疗的等待名单对照组进行比较。预计成功完成干预的妇女戒烟率将高于等待名单对照组。此外，据推测，药物滥用和精神科合并症的妇女将有较差的结果比那些没有合并症。这些项目将为目前缺乏与吸烟和女囚犯有关的研究的文献增添重要信息。这一点现在尤其重要，因为已经表明，女性戒烟可能比男性更困难，而且还可能有与吸烟有关的其他问题（例如，吸烟作为体重管理），影响他们的成功。迫切需要对这些服务不足和研究不足的人群进行有效的戒烟干预措施，因为与治疗囚犯相关的医疗费用目前占惩教部预算的11%，预计在未来10年内将翻一番。总的来说，这些项目将为候选人提供必要的经验，以制定一个独立的研究计划，重点是对被监禁的个人进行有效的吸烟干预。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this application for a 5-year Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award (K23) on smoking among incarcerated females is to conduct research and training activities to advance the candidate's development as an independent clinical researcher. This includes formal classwork pertaining to research design, biostatistics, and ethics along with conference attendance and meetings with mentors. The proposed research plan includes two studies that build upon each other in the area of smoking among female prisoners. The first study is cross-sectional and is designed to investigate the smoking behavior of incarcerated females. In addition, this study will examine differences between smokers, ex-smokers, and non-smokers on measures of substance abuse and personality, with consideration to other key covariables such as criminal history, medical problems, readiness to change, and Axis I pathology as possibly differentiating between the three groups. The second study will be a clinical trial using Hall et al.'s (1994) Mood Management group smoking cessation intervention combined with nicotine patch (or no patch). The intervention group will be compared to a wait-list control group who will receive the treatment six months later. It is expected that women who successfully complete the intervention will have higher smoking cessation rates than wait-list controls. Further, it is hypothesized that women with substance abuse and psychiatric comorbidity will have poorer outcomes than those without comorbidity. These projects should add significant information to the literature which is currently devoid of research related to smoking and female prisoners. This is particularly relevant now as it has been shown that women may have more difficulty with quitting smoking than men and may also have additional concerns related to smoking (e.g., smoking as weight management) that influence their success. Testing effective smoking cessation interventions with this underserved and understudied population is urgently needed as the medical costs associated with treating prisoners currently accounts for 11% of the Department of Corrections' budget and is expected to double over the next 10 years. Overall, these projects will provide experiences necessary for the candidate to develop an independent research program focusing on effective smoking interventions for incarcerated individuals.