An exploration of the quality and dynamics of sibling relationships, in the context of sibling sexual abuse.

据估计，兄弟姐妹性虐待(SSA)是父母对儿童性虐待的三倍(Yates和Allardyce，2021)。到目前为止，还没有普遍同意的标准来区分无害的兄弟姐妹性行为和SSA，但人们一致认为，SSA通常包括不适合年龄的、性质严重的、不是由适合年龄的好奇心驱动的行为(Yates和Allardyce，2021)。尽管有模棱两可的说法，但研究表明，SSA与一系列不良后果有关，这些不良后果显示SSA会持续到成年(Caffaro，2020)。兄弟姐妹关系是我们拥有的最重要的关系之一(Dunn，2007)。这种关系会对个人发展产生重大影响，而且在某种意义上是独一无二的，因为它们的特点是爱、友谊，但也有嫉妒和竞争(Sanders，2004)。兄弟姐妹通常被视为平等的，这种关系中的权力差异经常被忽视(Punch，2008)。然而，兄弟姐妹二人组的一个共同特征是权力动态的相互作用，这可能会受到年龄、出生顺序、性别和文化的影响(Dunn，2007)。尽管人们认识到手足关系的重要性和复杂性，但对性虐待手足关系的性质和动态的研究还存在缺陷。这位博士将通过探索童年SSA对成年受害者幸存者的影响，以及SSA如何影响一生中兄弟姐妹关系的质量和动态，为知识做出原创性的贡献。尽管有证据表明SSA具有终生影响(Caffaro，2020)，但很少有人关注SSA对兄弟姐妹关系的影响。现有的少量证据表明，性虐待的兄弟姐妹关系往往具有更广泛的家庭功能障碍、性别角色和父母缺席/偏袒等额外的复杂性(Yates&Allardyce，2021)。此外，关于一生中性侵兄弟姐妹关系的大部分已知仅基于犹太-以色列参与者(Tener，2019年)。然而，众所周知，文化差异影响和塑造兄弟姐妹关系，特别是在虐待的背景下(Marmor&Tener，2022)。本博士将通过探索英国SSA成年受害者-幸存者的叙事来扩大对性虐待兄弟姐妹关系的理解。本博士学位有两个主要目的：第一，探索成年受害者-幸存者如何构建他们的SSA经历；第二，调查受害者-幸存者如何理解他们一生中的兄弟关系。将采用定性的研究范式和叙事研究的方法。半结构化访谈将被用来收集SSA成年受害者幸存者的回顾故事，关于他们如何理解他们一生中的兄弟姐妹关系。为了分析数据，将使用叙述性主题分析(Riessman，2008)。这项研究的目的是产生新的知识，为家庭、专业人员和政策制定者提供更多基于证据的理解，了解性虐待兄弟姐妹关系的多维性质。这反过来将有助于更好的专业决策，并将就如何从治疗上支持儿童和成人SSA受害者幸存者提供更明确的指导。此外，这项研究将在披露受特别安全援助影响的兄弟姐妹和恢复性司法后更清楚地说明兄弟姐妹团聚的情况；同时对现有的兄弟姐妹理论作出有意义的贡献。

Sibling sexual abuse (SSA) is estimated to be three times as common as child sexual abuse committed by parents (Yates and Allardyce, 2021). To date there is no universally agreed criteria differentiating harmless sibling sexual behaviour and SSA, but there is consensus that SSA typically includes behaviours which are not age appropriate, are severe in nature, and are not motivated by age-appropriate curiosity (Yates and Allardyce, 2021). In spite of the equivocality, research suggests SSA is associated with a wide range of adverse outcomes which show substantial continuities into adulthood (Caffaro, 2020). Sibling relations are one of the most important relationships we have (Dunn, 2007). Such relationships can significantly impact on personal development and are unique in the sense that they are characterised by love, and friendship, but also jealousy and rivalry (Sanders, 2004). Often siblings are seen as equals, and power differentials within the relationship is frequently overlooked (Punch, 2008). However, a common feature of sibling dyads is the interplay of power dynamics, which may be influenced by age, birth order, sex and culture (Dunn, 2007). In spite of the recognised importance and complexity of sibling relations there is a deficit of research understanding the qualities and dynamics of sexually abusive sibling relationships. This PhD will make an original contribution to knowledge, through exploring what impact childhood SSA has on adult victim-survivors, and how SSA affects the quality and dynamics of sibling relations across the lifespan. Despite the evidence that SSA has lifelong implications (Caffaro, 2020), there is little attention regarding what impact SSA has on sibling relationships. The small existing evidence base suggests that sexually abusive sibling relations often have the added complexity of wider family dysfunction, gender roles, and parental absence/favouritism (Yates & Allardyce, 2021). Further, much of what is known about sexually abusive sibling relations, across the life-span is based on Jewish-Israeli participants only (Tener, 2019). However, it is well established that cultural differences influence and shape sibling relationships, particularly in the context of abuse (Marmor & Tener, 2022). This PhD will expand understandings of sexually abusive sibling relationships by exploring the narratives of UK, SSA adult victim-survivors.This PhD has two main aims: firstly, to explore how adult victim-survivors construct their experiences of SSA ; and secondly to examine how victim-survivors make sense of their sibling relationships across the lifespan. A qualitative paradigm and a method of narrative inquiry will be adopted. Semi-structured interviews will be used to gather retrospective narratives from SSA adult victim-survivors, about how they make sense of their sibling relationships across the life-span. To analyse the data narrative thematic analysis will be used (Riessman, 2008). The objective of this research is to generate new knowledge which will provide families, professionals, and policymakers with a more evidence-based understanding of the multidimensional nature of sexually abusive sibling relationships. This in turn will be useful in aiding better professional decision making and will offer clearer guidance on how to therapeutically support child and adult SSA victim-survivors. Further, this research will provide greater clarity on sibling reunification following disclosure and restorative justice for siblings affected by SSA; alongside providing meaningful contributions to existing sibling theory.