Impact of Retail Tobacco Advertising on Youth Smoking

描述(申请人提供)：充斥着香烟广告和促销的商店构成了一个重大的公共卫生问题，特别是对年轻人来说。我们之前的纵向研究，青少年对零售环境的意见调查(商店研究)，结合了基线和12个月时对大约2100名中学生进行的基于学校的调查数据，以及对加州社区53家商店的普查的店内观察。结果显示：(A)青少年在销售点广泛接触香烟广告和促销活动；(B)青少年经常购物的商店比同一社区的其他商店包含显著更多的营销材料和香烟货架空间；(C)报告每周至少接触过这种营销活动的从不吸烟者报告一年后吸烟的可能性几乎是其他同龄人的两倍；(D)青少年报告的暴露越多，尝试吸烟的机会就越大。这项提案寻求继续提供资金，以更好地了解青少年接触零售烟草营销和吸烟进展之间的关系。具体地说，这项拟议的研究旨在对9-11年级的参与者进行一次商店小组的跟踪调查，大约距离上次调查7-9年级的小组有18个月的时间，以测试零售营销暴露是否预测当前吸烟，以及是否仍然预测曾经吸烟。此外，它还将通过在非洲裔美国青年比例较大的城市社区调查基线、12个月(7-9年级)和30个月(9-11年级)的青少年(6-8年级)来测试我们之前的结果是否适用于不同的环境和人群。鉴于人们对烟草行业有针对性的营销做法的担忧，来自店内观察和学生调查的数据将结合评估零售烟草营销的性质、频率和影响是否对非裔美国人比其他年轻人更成问题。二次分析将比较零售烟草营销对吸烟进展的影响的不同过程解释。拟议的研究将提高我们对与零售烟草营销相关的健康风险的理解，并为减少这种风险的新政策提供科学依据。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Stores saturated with ads and promotions for cigarettes constitute a significant public health concern, especially for youth. Our previous longitudinal study, the Survey of Teen Opinions about Retail Environments (STORE Study), combined data from school-based surveys of approximately 2,100 middle school students at baseline and 12 months with in-store observations from a census of 53 stores in a California community. Results demonstrated that: (a) adolescents are widely exposed to ads and promotions for cigarettes at the point of sale; (b) stores where adolescents shopped frequently contained significantly more marketing materials and shelf space for cigarettes than other stores in the same community; (c) never smokers who reported at least weekly exposure to such marketing were almost twice as likely as other peers to report ever smoking after one year; and (d) the more exposure adolescents reported, the greater the chances of experimenting. This proposal seeks continued funding to better understand the relationship between adolescents' exposure to retail tobacco marketing and progression toward smoking. Specifically, the proposed research aims to conduct a follow-up survey of the STORE panel when the participants are in Grades 9-11, approximately 18 months since the panel was last surveyed in Grades 7-9, to test whether retail marketing exposure predicts current smoking and still predicts ever smoking. Additionally, it will test whether our previous results generalize to a different setting and population by surveying adolescents (Grades 6-8) at baseline, 12 months (Grades 7-9), and 30 months (Grades 9-11) in an urban community with a substantially larger proportion of African American youth. Given concerns about the tobacco industry's targeted marketing practices, a combination of data from in-store observations and student surveys will assess whether the nature, frequency, and impact of exposure to retail tobacco marketing is more problematic for African Americans than other youth. Secondary analyses will compare different process explanations for the influence of retail tobacco marketing on progression toward smoking. The proposed research would improve our understanding of the health risks associated with exposure to retail tobacco marketing and provide a scientific rationale for new policies to reduce it.